ʻO Bacillus thuringiensis, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Bacillus thuringiensis var. popilliae, he bacteria ʻano koʻokoʻo. I ka wā o kona hānau ʻana, hoʻokumu kekahi hopena i spore, a laila lilo i bacteria hana spore, aʻo kekahi hopena e hana i nā protein kristal. Loaʻa i kēia mau protein kristal kahi hopena insecticidal ikaika, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā ʻano mea ʻino lepidopteran he 100 a ʻoi e like me ka cotton bollworm, ka moth kāpeti liʻiliʻi, ka moth diamondback, ka rice budworm, ka silkworm, ka paina anuhe, ka paka budworm, ka corn borer, ka cotton bollworm, ka rice streaked stem borer, ka grass moth, a me ka ground beetle. He insecticide microbial ia i lilo i kumuhana o ka noiʻi hohonu loa, ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki loa, a me ka hoʻohana nui loa i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Ma muli o kona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka launa pū ʻana me ke kaiapuni, a me ka hopena insecticidal maikaʻi loa, makemake nui ʻia e nā mahiʻai.
I. Nā ʻano nui oʻO Bacillus thuringiensis
1. Nui nā ʻano okaohi ʻana i nā mea ʻinol: Hiki i nā mea ʻawahia i hana ʻia e Bacillus thuringiensis ke kāohi i nā haneli o nā mea ʻino, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa e kūʻē i nā larvae lepidopteran. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka kāohi ʻana i nā anuhe kāpeti, nā ilo bollworm pulupulu, nā nalo pō turnip, nā nalo pō kaha, nā nalo pō pī kō, nā nalo kāpeti liʻiliʻi, nā nalo paka, nā mea hoʻopōʻai laiki hanauna ʻelua, nā mea hoʻopōʻai kulina, nā anuhe kī, nā anuhe paina, nā nalo tī, nā nalo pī, nā mea ʻino kulina sticky, nā nalo pō ʻēheu kālā, a me nā ʻano namu, a me kekahi mau mea ʻino e like me nā beetles, nā nahesa, a me nā slugs.
2. Koho: Hoʻopilikia nui ʻo Bacillus thuringiensis i nā mea ʻino me kahi ʻano alkaline i loko o ko lākou ʻōpū a he hopena pepehi ikaika kona. ʻAʻohe mea ʻawahia i nā kānaka, nā holoholona, nā pi, nā iʻa, nā ʻōpae, nā pāpaʻi a me nā meaola wai ʻē aʻe.
3. Ka laulā o ka noi: Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Bacillus thuringiensis i ka pulupulu, nā pīnati, nā soybeans, nā ʻuala, ka laiki, ka rapeseed, nā tōmato, nā eggplants, nā pepa, nā kāpeti, nā kāpeti Kina, ka cauliflower, a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, a me ka ʻāpala, nā lāʻau pea, nā hua waina, nā walnuts, nā hua citrus, nā lychees, nā kiwi, nā longans, nā mangoes, a me nā mea kanu like ʻole e like me nā pua, nā lāʻau lapaʻau Kina, a pēlā aku.
4. ʻAʻohe kū'ē: ʻO Bacillus thuringiensis kahi ʻano bacteria e hana ana i nā spore e hiki ke hana i nā protein kristal sporulation a hana ma waho a ma loko hoʻi i nā mea ʻino. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea ʻino ke hoʻomohala i ke kū'ē. ʻOiai ua hoʻohana ʻia no kekahi mau makahiki he ʻumi, he mea hoʻopau pepeke microbial maikaʻi loa ia a hiki i kēia lā.
5. Hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi: Loaʻa iā Bacillus thuringiensis ka hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi a hiki ke kāwili ʻia me nā insecticides hana wikiwiki e like me methomyl, avermectin, a me indoxacarb, e hopena ana i nā hopena synergistic koʻikoʻi.
6. ʻAʻohe haumia mai nā mea ʻawahia ʻelima: ʻO Bacillus thuringiensis kahi bacteria ʻano koʻokoʻo ʻaʻohe ona ʻawahia i nā kānaka, nā iʻa, nā ʻōpae, nā pāpaʻi, a pēlā aku, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni. No laila, ua lilo ia i mea pepehi pepeke makemake nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana mahiʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka haumia ʻole.
II. Nā ʻAno Hoʻohana o Bacillus thuringiensis
No ke kāohi ʻana i nā mea ʻino e like me ka nalo meli kō, ka nalo meli kāpeti liʻiliʻi, a me ka anuhe kāpeti, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā larval i ka wā ʻōpiopio o nā mea ʻino. E hoʻohana i 30-40 grams o 2% Avisept Bacillus thuringiensis pauka pulu no kēlā me kēia ʻeka, i kāwili ʻia me 30-40 kilokani o ka wai no ka pīpī like ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke pepehi koke i nā mea ʻino a he hopena lōʻihi me ka wikiwiki maikaʻi.
No ke kāohi ʻana i nā mea ʻino e like me ka nalo māmā, ka ilo laiki, ka anuhe paina, ka borer kulina, ka nalo nui, a me ka nalo nila, e hoʻohana i 25-35 grams o 1% Avisept Bacillus thuringiensis pauka pulu no kēlā me kēia ʻeka, i kāwili ʻia me 30 kilokani o ka wai no ka pīpī like ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke kāohi koke i ka pōʻino hou aʻe i hana ʻia e nā mea ʻino.
III. Nā Mālama no Bacillus thuringiensis
1. E hoʻohana ma mua: Ma ke ʻano he bacteria, i ka wā e hoʻohana wale ʻia ai, lohi iki ka wikiwiki o ka pepehi ʻana. No laila, pono e hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā mua o ka hanana ʻana o nā mea ʻino e kaohi maikaʻi i ka pōʻino i hana ʻia e nā mea ʻino.
2. E hoʻohana i ke awakea：ʻO ka lā ikaika e pepehi paha i kēia bacteria. No laila, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia insecticide, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana e hoʻohana ma mua o ka hola 10 am a i ʻole ma hope o ka hola 4 pm, me nā hopena maikaʻi aʻe.
3. E hoʻohana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe：Hoʻoikaika ʻo Bacillus thuringiensis i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. Ke ʻoi aku ka mahana ma mua o 20 ℃, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-25-2026
