Ua hiki aku ka nui o ka uhi ʻana i ka 94%! Ma ka ʻoihana hale kōmahana honua o Netherlands, hoʻokumu nā pepeke a me nā microorganisms i ka laina pale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka Netherlands Bureau for Statistics (CBS), ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka kaohi olaola (nā meaola ola) i nā mea kanu hale kōmahana ma Netherlands i ka makahiki 2024 he 94% (ma muli o ka wahi kanu), e like mau ana me ka makahiki 2020. Eia nō naʻe, ua piʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau huahana kaohi olaola. No ka laʻana, ua piʻi ka nui o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mites predatory a me nā thrips predatory mai 69% o ka nui o ka wahi kanu i ka makahiki 2020 a i 84% i ka makahiki 2024. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau microbial e like me ka bacteria e kaohi i nā mea ʻino ma mua o ʻelua hapakolu o nā wahi kanu mea kanu hale kōmahana. ʻO nā ʻikepili ma luna nei he mau helu helu mua mai CBS.

ʻO nā mea i komo i ka noiʻi he poʻe mahiʻai kukama, pepa ʻono, tōmato, ʻōpena, daisies ʻApelika, chrysanthemums, rose, nā mea kanu pua i loko o ka ipuhao a me nā mea kanu lau.Ua nīnau ʻia lākou e pili ana i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kaohi olaola.Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā mea kanu hale kōmahana i ulu i kekahi o kēia mau mea kanu, a ʻo kēia mau mea kanu i hui pū ʻia he 70% o ka huina o ka ʻāina hale kōmahana ma Netherlands (10,000 heketa).

Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻuku predatory a me nā thrips predatory, ʻo nā ʻano kaohi olaola ʻē aʻe e like me nā wasps parasitic (sphecodes), nā midge gall, nā pepeke predatory, nā nalo a me nā beetles i helu pū ʻia me kahi hapa nui aʻe o ka huina o ka wahi kanu ma mua o 2020.ʻO nā nematodes nā ʻano kaohi olaola i hoʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻia i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me kahi mahele noi he 12% wale nō o ka wahi kanu.

No ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu hale kōmahana, hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana kaohi olaola e kaohi i nā mea ʻino a i ʻole nā ​​​​mīkini ma luna o 95% o ka wahi kanu. No ka laʻana, i ka mahi ʻana i nā kukama a me ka tōmato, ua aneane uhi ʻia ka wahi kanu holoʻokoʻa e nā huahana kaohi olaola i ka makahiki 2020. ʻO ka lakio noi o nā mea kanu pua i loko o ka ipuhao a me nā mea kanu lau he haʻahaʻa loa, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 75%.

ʻO ka wahi i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻuku predatory a me nā thrips predatory ka mea i hoʻonui nui ʻia i ka ʻohi ʻōmato: ua piʻi aʻe ia mai 18% i ka makahiki 2020 a i 66% i ka makahiki 2024. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wasps a me nā gall midges i ʻike ʻia ka ulu nui ʻana i nā mea kanu pua i loko o ka ipuhao, e piʻi ana mai 29% i ka makahiki 2020 a i 45% i ka makahiki 2024; ua piʻi nui hoʻi ia i ka mahi ʻana i ka chrysanthemum, mai 68% a i 82%. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pepeke predatory, nā beetles predatory, nā midges a me nā nalo ʻai aphid i ka mahi ʻana i ka chrysanthemum i ʻike ʻia ka piʻi nui loa, e piʻi ana mai 10% a i 44%.

Ma waho aʻe o nā pepeke maikaʻi, ʻo nā hoʻomākaukau microbial (e like me ka bacteria, fungi a me nā virus) he mau koho hoʻomau hoʻi i nā pesticides kemika. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau hoʻomākaukau e kāohi i nā mea ʻino ma 67% o nā wahi mahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ka mahi ʻana i ka chrysanthemum, e uhi ana i 90% o ka wahi kanu, a ʻo ka hapa liʻiliʻi loa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mahi ʻana i ka kukumba (50%).

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻomākaukau microbial no nā mea kanu, ma waho aʻe o ka mahiʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻomākaukau microbial no ka kaohi ʻana i nā mea ʻino he mea kakaikahi. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi loa ia i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka mahiʻai ākea. I loko o nā kumulāʻau ʻāpala, pea a me nā ʻāina kūlanakauhale (e like me nā kumulāʻau chestnut, nā kumulāʻau birch a me nā kumulāʻau cherry Kepani) a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hua lāʻau, ʻo ka hapa o ia mau hoʻomākaukau i hoʻohana ʻia he 10% a 25% o ka huina o ka wahi kanu.