ʻO Mankozeba

Nā Pōmaikaʻi Huahana

1. ʻO ka fungicide ākea, kūpono i nā ʻano maʻi fungal like ʻole.

2. ʻO ka hopena pale maikaʻi loa, hana i kahi ʻili pale ma ka ʻili o ka mea kanu e pale ai i ka maʻi pathogen.

3. Loaʻa ka manganese a me ka zinc, hoʻopihapiha i nā mea hana o ka mea kanu e hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa i ke kaumaha.

4. Hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi me ka hapa nui o nā pesticides, kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i hui pū ʻia e hoʻonui i ka pono.

5. ʻAno hana hana he nui nā wahi, paʻakikī i nā pathogens ke hoʻomohala i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Nā Noi Nui

1. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ma nā kumulāʻau hua, nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu mahina ʻai a me nā mea kanu kālā.

2. Kāohi i ka pala mua, ka pala hope, ka anthracnose, ka ʻōpala lau, ka popo a me ka mildew downy.

3. Hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka pīpī pale ʻana i ka wā kanu, ka wā ulu a ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka maʻi.

4. Ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, palekana i nā mea kanu ma lalo o ka nui maʻamau.

Pahuhopu o ka pale ʻana a me ke kāohi ʻana

(1) No ka pale ʻana a me ka kaohi ʻana i ka palaho, ka anthracnose, ka ʻōpala lau, a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i nā tōmato, nā eggplants, a me nā ʻuala, e hoʻohana i 400-600 manawa o ka nui o ka pauka 80% pulu. E pīpī i ka wā mua o ka maʻi, a hana hou i ke kaʻina hana 3-5 mau manawa.

(2) No ka pale ʻana a me ka kāohi ʻana i nā maʻi damping-off mua a me nā maʻi pala koke i nā mea kanu kanu, e hoʻohana i ka 80% pauka pulu, a kāwili pū me nā hua ma ka nui o 0.1 - 0.5% o ke kaumaha o ka hua.

(3) No ka pale ʻana a me ka kāohi ʻana i nā maʻi fungal e like me ka downy mildew, anthracnose a me ka brown spot i loko o nā melons, e hoʻopili i kahi hopena dilution 400-500 manawa no ka pīpī ʻana, a hana hou i ke kaʻina hana 3-5 mau manawa.

(4) No ka pale ʻana a me ka kāohi ʻana i ka mildew downy o ke kāpeti a me ka kale, a me ka maʻi kiko o ka celery, e pīpī me kahi hopena dilution 500-600 manawa a hana hou i ke kaʻina hana 3-5 mau manawa.

(5) No ka pale ʻana a me ka kaohi ʻana i nā maʻi o nā pīni ākea, e like me ka anthracnose a me ka spot blotch, e pīpī me kahi hopena dilution 400-700 manawa a hana hou i ke kaʻina hana 2-3 mau manawa.

Kumu nui

1. He lāʻau pale fungicide ākea kēia huahana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā lāʻau hua, nā mea kanu, a me nā mea kanu mahina ʻai, a hiki ke kāohi i nā maʻi fungal lau koʻikoʻi like ʻole, e like me ka pala palaoa, ka pala kulina, ka maʻi Phytophthora ʻuala, ka maʻi kiko ʻeleʻele hua, a me ka anthracnose. ʻO ka nui o ka lāʻau he 1.4 - 1.9 kg (mea hana) no ka hectare. Ma muli o kona laulā o nā noi a me ka pono maikaʻi, ua lilo ia i ʻano koʻikoʻi i waena o nā fungicides pale ʻole ʻōnaehana. Ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka hui pū ʻana a i ʻole i hui pū ʻia me nā fungicides ʻōnaehana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i kekahi mau hopena.

2. Mea hoʻopau make lau ākea. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ma nā lāʻau hua, nā mea kanu, a me nā mea kanu mahina ʻai, hiki iā ia ke kāohi i nā maʻi fungal lau koʻikoʻi like ʻole. E pīpī me 500 - 700 mau manawa o ka hopena pauka 70% wettable e kāohi i ka palaho mua, ka ʻōpala hina, ka mildew downy, a me ka squash anthracnose i nā mea kanu. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i ka maʻi ʻeleʻele, ka maʻi ʻulaʻula, a me ka anthracnose i nā lāʻau hua.

Maʻi kūikawā

Nā mea kanu

1. Tōmato: Ka palaho mua, ka palaho hope, ka ʻōpala lau

2. Kukubita: ʻŌpū palupalu, anthracnose, ʻōpū palupalu, ʻōpala kumu gummy

3. Pepa & ʻEkelani: Anthracnose, ʻūpā, palapū mua

4. Kāpeti Kina a me ke Kāpeti: Downy mildew, alternaria blight

Nā lāʻau hua

1. ʻĀpala a me ka Pear: Ring rot, anthracnose, Alternaria blotch, scab

2. ʻAila: Scab, anthracnose, scurfy, gummosis

3. Hua waina: Downy mildew, pala maka manu, anthracnose, pala keʻokeʻo

4. Pīkī & Plum: Maʻi puka pana, anthracnose

Nā mea kanu mahinaʻai a me nā mea kanu kālā

1. ʻUala: Ka palaho hope, ka palaho mua

2. Pīnati: Kiko lau, ʻōpala

3. Palaoa a me ke kulina: ʻUlu, pala lau ʻākau, pala lau hema

4. Paka: ʻŌpū ʻeleʻele, ʻūlū palupalu

Nā ʻAno Hoʻohana Laulā

1. Ka hoʻohana nui ʻana: ka pīpī ʻana i nā lau. E hoʻokahe i ka mea hana me ka wai maʻemaʻe, e pīpī like ma ke alo a ma hope o nā lau, nā hua a me nā lālā.

2. E hoʻopili ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi a i ʻole i ka wā mua o ka maʻi; e pīpī hou i kēlā me kēia 7-10 lā i nā wā pilikia kiʻekiʻe.

3. Kūlike me ka hapa nui o nā pesticides neutral a me acidic;mai hui pū me nā mea alkaline(lime sulfur, hui Bordeaux, a pēlā aku).

4. E hahai i nā lula kūloko; ka manawa maʻamau ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana: 7-14 mau lā.

Nā memo

1. E pale i ka hoʻopili ʻana ma lalo o ke ana wela a me ka lā ikaika e pale aku i ka phytotoxicity.

2. E hoʻomākaukau i ka wai ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana; mai mālama i ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi.

3. E hoʻololi me nā fungicides o nā ʻano hana like ʻole e hoʻopaneʻe i ke kū'ē.