ʻO nā pesticides microbial e pili ana i nā pesticides i loaʻa mai ka biology e hoʻohana ana i nā bacteria, fungi, virus, protozoa, a i ʻole nā mea ola microbial i hoʻololi ʻia i ka genetically ma ke ʻano he mau mea hana e pale a kāohi i nā mea ola ʻino e like me nā maʻi, nā pepeke, nā mauʻu, a me nā ʻiole. Hoʻokomo pū ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā bacteria e kāohi i nā pepeke, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā bacteria e kāohi i nā bacteria, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā bacteria e nāhelehele. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano pesticide ke koho ikaika, palekana no nā kānaka, nā holoholona, nā mea kanu, a me ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole hōʻino i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, a ʻaʻole hiki ke kūʻē.
ʻO ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pesticides microbial e hoʻokō pono i ka hana kiʻekiʻe a palekana o nā huahana mahiʻai, hoʻonui i ka waiwai hoʻohui waiwai o nā huahana mahiʻai, hoʻonui i ka mākeke hoʻokuʻu aku o nā huahana mahiʻai Kina a me nā huahana ʻaoʻao, a paipai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO nā pesticides microbial, ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi o nā mea hana e pono ai no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana mahiʻai ʻole haumia, e loaʻa kahi koi nui o ka mākeke i ka wā e hiki mai ana no ka pale ʻana a me ka kaohi ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino.
No laila, ʻo ka hoʻolalelale hou ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka ʻoihana ʻana, a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā pesticides microbial, ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā koena pesticide i nā huahana mahiʻai a me ka haumia i ke kaiapuni mahiʻai, ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka kaohi mau o nā maʻi nui a me nā mea ʻino, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke koi nui no ka ʻenehana mahiʻai i ka ʻoihana ʻana o nā huahana mahiʻai ʻole haumia ma Kina, e hoʻopuka mau i nā pono nui o ka nohona, hoʻokele waiwai, a me ke kaiapuni.
Ke kuhikuhi hoʻomohala:
1. Lepo no ka kaohi ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino
Pono e hana hou ʻia nā noiʻi ma ka lepo e kāohi ana i nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino. ʻO kēia lepo me ka hoʻomau ʻana o nā microbes e pale aku i nā bacteria pathogenic mai ke ola ʻana a me nā mea ʻino mai ka hana ʻino ʻana.
2. Kaohi ʻana i ka nāhelehele olaola
ʻO ke kāohi ʻana i nā nāhelehele olaola ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā holoholona herbivorous a i ʻole nā microorganism pathogenic mea kanu me kahi laulā kikoʻī e kāohi i nā heluna nāhelehele e hoʻopilikia i ka ikaika waiwai o ke kanaka ma lalo o ka paepae pōʻino waiwai. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka kāohi ʻana i nā nāhelehele kemika, loaʻa i ka kāohi ʻana i nā nāhelehele olaola nā pono o ka ʻole o ka haumia i ke kaiapuni, ʻaʻohe pōʻino lāʻau, a me nā pono waiwai kiʻekiʻe. I kekahi manawa hiki i ka hoʻolauna kūleʻa ʻana o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka pōʻino mauʻu no hoʻokahi manawa a mau loa.
3. Nā microorganism i hana ʻia e ka genetics
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ikaika loa ka noiʻi ʻana i nā microorganism i hoʻololi ʻia i ka genetically, a ua komo i ke kahua hana ma mua o nā mea kanu i hoʻololi ʻia i ka genetically no ke kūʻē ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā pepeke. Hōʻike kēia hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hiki nui o ka biotechnology no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka genetic o nā microorganism biocontrol a waiho i ke kumu no ka noiʻi hou aku a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi hanauna hou o nā pesticides microbial.
4. Nā maʻi i hoʻololi ʻia i ka genetics a me nā mea kanu pale pepeke
Ua wehe nā maʻi transgenic a me nā mea kanu kū i nā pepeke i nā ala hou no ka kaohi ʻana i nā mea ʻino. I ka makahiki 1985, ua hoʻolauna nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻAmelika i ka gene protein coat (cp) o ka virus mosaic paka i loko o ka paka hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia, a ua hoʻoikaika nā mea kanu transgenic i ko lākou kūʻē ʻana i ka maʻi. ʻO kēia ʻano hana o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kūʻē ʻana i nā maʻi ma o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka gene CP ma hope ua loaʻa ka holomua ma nā mea kanu he nui e like me nā tōmato, nā ʻuala, nā soybeans, a me ka laiki. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he noiʻi bioengineering hoʻohiki nui kēia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-21-2023