Kokoke i ka 7.0% o ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa o ka honua i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka paʻakai1, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ma mua o 900 miliona heketa o ka ʻāina ma ka honua i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka paʻakai a me ka paʻakai sodic2, e helu ana i 20% o ka ʻāina i mahi ʻia a me 10% o ka ʻāina i hoʻoinu ʻia. noho i ka hapalua o ka ʻāina a he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakai3. ʻO ka lepo paʻakai kahi pilikia nui e kū nei i ka mahiʻai o Pakistan4,5. No kēia, ma kahi o 6.3 miliona heketa a i ʻole 14% o ka ʻāina i hoʻoinu ʻia i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka paʻakai6.
Hiki i ke kaumaha abiotic ke hoʻololihormone ulu mea kanupane, e hopena ana i ka emi ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me ka hua hope loa7. Ke hōʻike ʻia nā mea kanu i ke kaumaha paʻakai, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ke kaulike ma waena o ka hana ʻana o nā ʻano oxygen reactive (ROS) a me ka hopena quenching o nā enzymes antioxidant, e hopena ana i nā mea kanu e ʻeha ana i ke kaumaha oxidative8. ʻO nā mea kanu me nā nui kiʻekiʻe o nā enzymes antioxidant (ʻo nā constitutive a me nā inducible) he kūpaʻa olakino i ka pōʻino oxidative, e like me ka superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), peroxidase-catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX), a me ka glutathione reductase (GR) hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻomanawanui paʻakai o nā mea kanu ma lalo o ke kaumaha paʻakai9. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia nā phytohormones e pāʻani i kahi kuleana hoʻoponopono i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka make ʻana o nā cell i hoʻolālā ʻia, a me ke ola ʻana ma lalo o nā kūlana kaiapuni e loli ana10. ʻO Triacontanol kahi waiʻona mua saturated he ʻāpana o ka wax epidermal mea kanu a he mau waiwai hoʻolaha ulu mea kanu11,12 a me nā waiwai hoʻolaha ulu ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa13. Hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana o Foliar ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ke kūlana pigment photosynthetic, ka hōʻiliʻili solute, ka ulu ʻana, a me ka hana biomass i nā mea kanu14,15. Hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana o Foliar o ka triacontanol ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻomanawanui i ke kaumaha o nā mea kanu16 ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana o nā enzymes antioxidant he nui17, e hoʻonui ana i ka ʻike osmoprotectant o nā ʻiʻo lau mea kanu11,18,19 a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pane uptake o nā minelala koʻikoʻi K+ a me Ca2+, akā ʻaʻole ʻo Na+.14 Eia kekahi, hana ka triacontanol i nā kō hoʻemi hou aʻe, nā protein soluble, a me nā waikawa amino ma lalo o nā kūlana kaumaha20,21,22.
Waiwai nā mea kanu i nā phytochemicals a me nā meaolaola a he mea nui ia no nā kaʻina hana metabolic he nui i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka23. Ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā mea kanu e ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakai o ka lepo, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā ʻāina mahiʻai i hoʻoinu ʻia, kahi e hana ai i 40.0% o ka meaʻai o ka honua24. ʻO nā mea kanu mea kanu e like me ka ʻakaʻakai, kukama, eggplant, pepa a me ka tōmato he mea maʻalahi i ka paʻakai25, a he mea kanu koʻikoʻi ka kukama no ka meaʻai kanaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa26. He hopena koʻikoʻi ka paʻakai i ka ulu ʻana o ka kukama, akā naʻe, ʻo ka paʻakai ma luna o 25 mM e hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka hua a hiki i ka 13%27,28. ʻO nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka paʻakai ma ka kukama e hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me ka hua5,29,30. No laila, ʻo ka pahuhopu o kēia noiʻi ʻana, ʻo ia ke loiloi i ke kuleana o ka triacontanol i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i ke kaumaha paʻakai i nā genotypes kukama a e loiloi i ka hiki o ka triacontanol ke hoʻolaha i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me ka huahana. He mea nui nō hoʻi kēia ʻike no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻolālā kūpono no nā lepo saline. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻoholo mākou i nā loli i ka homeostasis ion i nā genotypes kukama ma lalo o ke kaumaha NaCl.
Ka hopena o ka triacontanol ma nā mea hoʻoponopono osmotic inorganic i nā lau o nā genotypes kukumba ʻehā ma lalo o ke kaumaha maʻamau a me ka paʻakai.
I ka wā i lūlū ʻia ai nā genotypes kukumba ma lalo o nā kūlana kaumaha paʻakai, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o nā hua a me ke kaumaha hua awelika (Kiʻi 4). Ua ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻia o kēia mau hōʻemi ma nā genotypes Summer Green a me 20252, ʻoiai ʻo Marketmore lāua ʻo Green Long i mālama i ka helu hua a me ke kaumaha kiʻekiʻe loa ma hope o ka pilikia salinity. Ua hōʻemi ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka triacontanol i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ke kaumaha paʻakai a hoʻonui i ka helu hua a me ke kaumaha ma nā genotypes āpau i loiloi ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻopuka ʻo Marketmore i mālama ʻia me ka triacontanol i ka helu hua kiʻekiʻe loa me ke kaumaha awelika kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o nā kūlana kaumaha a me ka hoʻomalu ʻia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kanu i mālama ʻole ʻia. ʻO Summer Green lāua ʻo 20252 ka nui o nā mea paʻa soluble i nā hua kukumba a hana maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā genotypes Marketmore lāua ʻo Green Long, nona ka haʻahaʻa loa o ka nui o nā mea paʻa soluble.
Ka hopena o ka triacontanol ma ka hua o nā genotypes kukumba ʻehā ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau a me ke kaumaha paʻakai.
ʻO ka nui kūpono o ka triacontanol he 0.8 mg/l, kahi i ʻae ʻia ai e hōʻemi i nā hopena make o nā genotypes i aʻo ʻia ma lalo o ke kaumaha paʻakai a me nā kūlana ʻaʻole kaumaha. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena o ka triacontanol ma Green-Long lāua ʻo Marketmore. Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ka hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka paʻakai o kēia mau genotypes a me ka pono o ka triacontanol i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hopena o ke kaumaha paʻakai, hiki ke paipai i ka ulu ʻana o kēia mau genotypes ma nā lepo saline me ka pīpī foliar me ka triacontanol.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-27-2024