Ua lohe ʻo Karl Dirks, nāna i kanu i 1,000 ʻeka ʻāina ma Mount Joy, Pennsylvania, e pili ana i ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka glyphosate a me ka glufosinate, akā ʻaʻohe ona hopohopo e pili ana i kēia.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia: "Manaʻo wau e hoʻoponopono ke kumukūʻai iā ia iho.ʻO nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe e piʻi aʻe a kiʻekiʻe.ʻAʻole au hopohopo nui.Aia wau i ka hui o ka poʻe i hopohopo ʻole i kēia manawa, akā makaʻala iki.E noʻonoʻo mākou i kahi ala. "
Eia naʻe, ʻo Chip Bowling, nāna i kanu i 275 ʻeka kulina a me 1,250 ʻeka soybeans ma Newberg, Maryland, ʻaʻole i manaʻo maikaʻi loa.Ua hoʻāʻo hou ʻo ia e kauoha i ka glyphosate mai R&D Cross, kahi hua kūloko a me ka mea hoʻopuka hoʻokomo, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea hāʻawi ke hāʻawi i kahi kumukūʻai kikoʻī a i ʻole lā hāʻawi.Wahi a Bowling, ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina, ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻohi nui (no kekahi mau makahiki i ka lālani).Akā i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki, e loaʻa nā makahiki me ka mediocre loa.Inā wela a maloʻo ke kauwela e hiki mai ana, he mea pōʻino paha ia i kekahi poʻe mahiʻai.
Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kumukūʻai o ka glyphosate a me ka glufosinate (Liberty) i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka mōʻaukala ma muli o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hāʻawi ʻana a ʻaʻohe hoʻomaikaʻi i manaʻo ʻia ma mua o ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana.
Wahi a Dwight Lingenfelter, he loea weed ma ke Kulanui o Penn State, he nui nā kumu no kēia, me ka pilikia o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā pilikia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi pneumonia lei aliʻi hou, ʻo ka hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i ka pōhaku phosphate e hana i ka glyphosate, Container a me nā pilikia mālama. a me ka pani ʻana a me ka wehe hou ʻana o kahi mea kanu Bayer CropScience nui ma Louisiana ma muli o ka Hurricane Ida.
Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻo Lingenfelter: "Ma muli o ka superposition o nā ʻano like ʻole i kēia manawa."Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ʻo ka glyphosate kumu nui ma $12.50 no ke galani i 2020 ke noi nei i $35 a i $40.ʻO Glufosinate-ammonium, ka mea i loaʻa no US $33 a i US $34 no ke galani i kēlā manawa, ke noi nei i kēia manawa e like me US $80.Inā laki ʻoe e kauoha i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e mākaukau e kali.
"Manaʻo kekahi poʻe inā hiki maoli ke kauoha, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻea a hiki i Iune i kēia makahiki a i ʻole ma hope o ke kauwela.Mai ka manaʻo o ka pepehi weed, pilikia kēia.Manaʻo wau eia mākou i kēia manawa.ʻO nā kūlana, pono e noʻonoʻo pono i nā mea e hiki ke hana e mālama i nā huahana, "wahi a Lingenfelter.ʻO ka hemahema o "ʻelua mau mauʻu" hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hopena collateral o 2,4-D a i ʻole clethodim shortage.ʻO Clethodim kahi koho hilinaʻi no ka mālama mauʻu.
ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā huahana glyphosate piha i ka maopopo ʻole
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Ed Snyder o Snyder's Crop Service ma Mount Joy, Pennsylvania, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i manaʻoʻiʻo e loaʻa ka glyphosate i kāna hui i ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Snyder, ʻo ia kāna i haʻi aku ai i kāna mau mea kūʻai aku.ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i kahi lā i manaʻo ʻia.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohiki i ka nui o nā huahana āu e loaʻa ai.Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻo ia me ka ʻole o ka glyphosate, hiki i kāna mea kūʻai ke hoʻololi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, e like me Gramoxone (paraquat).ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ʻo nā premixes inoa inoa i loaʻa i ka glyphosate, e like me Halex GT no ka puka ʻana mai, e loaʻa mau ana.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Shawn Miller o Melvin Weaver and Sons ua piʻi nui ke kumukūʻai o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.Ua kūkākūkā ʻo ia me nā mea kūʻai aku i ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa a lākou e makemake ai e uku no ka huahana a pehea e hoʻonui ai i ka waiwai o ka herbicide no ke galani ke loaʻa iā lākou ka waiwai.waiwai.
ʻAʻole e ʻae ʻo Miller i nā kauoha no 2022, no ka mea, kūʻai ʻia nā huahana āpau ma kahi o ka hoʻouna ʻana, ʻokoʻa loa ia mai ke kūlana i hiki ke kūʻai mua ʻia i ka wā ma mua.Eia naʻe, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻo ia ke hiki mai ka pūnāwai, e kū mai nā huahana, a pule ʻo ia e like me kēia.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia: “ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke kau i kahi kumukūʻai no ka mea ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike i kahi o ke kumu kūʻai.Ke hopohopo nei nā kānaka a pau no ia mea. "
Hoʻohana liʻiliʻi ka poʻe loea i ka herbicide
No kēlā poʻe mea ulu i laki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, manaʻo ʻo Lingenfelter e noʻonoʻo lākou i ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo i nā ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻopau ai i ka puna mua.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 32-auneke Roundup Powermax, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka 22 auneke.Eia kekahi, inā i kaupalena ʻia ka lako, pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka manawa o ka pīpī ʻana-inā paha no ka pepehi ʻana a i ʻole ka pipi ʻana i nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i nā ʻano soybean 30-inihi a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano 15-inihi hiki ke hoʻonui i ka canopy a hoʻokūkū me nā mauʻu.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka ʻāina i kekahi manawa he koho, akā ma mua o kēlā, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kona mau hemahema: hoʻonui ʻia nā kumukūʻai wahie, lilo ka lepo, a me ka luku ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi ʻole.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Lingenfelter he mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, e like me ke kāohi ʻana i nā manaʻolana o kahi māla maʻemaʻe.
"I ka makahiki aʻe a ʻelua paha, ʻike paha mākou i nā māla weedy," wahi āna."No kekahi mau nahele, e mākaukau e ʻae ʻo ka helu hoʻomalu ma kahi o 70% wale nō ma mua o ka 90% mua."
Akā, aia kēia manaʻo i kona mau hemahema.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Lingenfelter, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mauʻu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hua a he paʻakikī ke mālama ʻia nā mauhele pilikia.I ka wā e pili ana i nā kumu waina amaranth a me ka amaranth, ʻaʻole lawa ka 75% o ka mana o ka weed.No ka shamrock a i ʻole ka quinoa kumu ʻulaʻula, hiki i ka 75% ka helu hoʻomalu ke lawa.ʻO ke ʻano o ka mauʻu e hoʻoholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomalu mālie iā lākou.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Gary Snyder o Nutrien, e hana pū ana me kahi o 150 mau mea kanu ma ka hikina hema o Pennsylvania, ʻaʻohe mea e hiki mai ana ka herbicide, inā he glyphosate a i ʻole glufosinate, e ʻai ʻia a hoʻohana pono ʻia.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia e hoʻonui ka poʻe mahiʻai i kā lākou koho ʻana i nā herbicides i ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana a hoʻopau i nā hoʻolālā i ka wā hiki ke pale aku i ka nahele i lilo i pilikia nui i ke kanu ʻana.Aʻo ʻo ia i nā mea kanu i koho ʻole i nā hybrids kulina e kūʻai i nā hua me ke koho genetic maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka mauʻu ma hope.
“ʻO ka pilikia nui ka hua kūpono.E pīpī i ka hikiwawe.E makaala i ka nahelehele i ka hua.ʻO nā huahana i puka mai i ka makahiki 1990 aia nō i ka waihona, a hiki ke hana i kēia.Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā ala āpau, "wahi a Snyder.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Bowling e mālama ʻo ia i nā koho āpau.Inā piʻi mau nā kumukūʻai o nā mea hoʻokomo, me nā herbicides, a ʻaʻole e hoʻomau nā kumukūʻai o nā mea kanu, manaʻo ʻo ia e hoʻololi hou i nā māla i ka soybeans, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka soybeans e ulu.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi hou i nā mahina ʻai e ulu i ka mauʻu.
Manaʻo ʻo Lingenfelter ʻaʻole e kali ka poʻe mahiʻai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a i ʻole ka pūnāwai e hoʻomaka i ka nānā ʻana i kēia pilikia.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia: "Manaʻo wau e hoʻokō koʻikoʻi nā mea āpau i kēia pilikia.Ke hopohopo nei au no ka nui o ka poʻe e hopu ʻia i kēlā manawa.Manaʻo lākou a hiki i Malaki o ka makahiki aʻe, e kau lākou i kahi kauoha i ka mea kūʻai aku a hiki iā lākou ke lawe i ka home i kahi kaʻa o nā herbicides a i ʻole nā pesticides i ka lā hoʻokahi..I koʻu noʻonoʻo ʻana, ua ʻolokaʻa paha ko lākou mau maka.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-15-2021