Nā ʻano nui a me nā ʻano hana hoʻohana o Chlorantraniliprole

I. Nā Waiwai Nui oChlorantraniliprole

ʻO kēia lāʻau lapaʻauhe mea hoʻoulu i ka mea loaʻa nicotinic (no nā ʻiʻo). Hoʻoulu ia i nā mea loaʻa nicotinic o nā mea ʻino, e hoʻoulu ana i nā kahawai mea loaʻa e wehe ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hopena ana i ka hoʻokuʻu palena ʻole ʻia o nā ion calcium i mālama ʻia i loko o nā cell. Hoʻopau ʻia ka waihona calcium, e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā ʻiʻo, ka maʻi lolo, a me ka make hope loa.

1. He kiʻekiʻe ka hana pepehi pepeke o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau a me kahi ākea o ka kaohi. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole. Hoʻomalu nui ia i nā mea ʻino lepidopteran a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke kaʻina hana male o kekahi mau pepeke lepidopteran, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka waiho hua o nā mea ʻino noctuid like ʻole. Loaʻa iā ia nā hopena kaohi maikaʻi i nā mea ʻino scarabaeid a me nā mea ʻino aphid-like ma ke kauoha Hemiptera, nā mea ʻino aphid-like ma ke kauoha Hemiptera, nā pepeke unahi ma ke kauoha Homoptera, a me nā lele hua ma ke kauoha Diptera. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kāna hana ma mua o kēlā me nā mea ʻino lepidopteran a pono e koho ʻia ma muli o ka lakio kumukūʻai-hana.

2. He palekana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no nā mammals a me nā vertebrates. Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano o nā mea loaʻa nicotinic o nā pepeke, ʻoiai he ʻekolu ʻano o nā mea loaʻa nicotinic o nā mammals, a ʻoi aku ka like ʻole o nā mea loaʻa nicotinic o nā pepeke me nā mammals. ʻO ka hana o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i nā mea loaʻa nicotinic pepeke he 300 mau manawa ma mua o nā mammals, e hōʻike ana i ke koho kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻawaʻawa i nā mammals. ʻO kona pae ʻawaʻawa i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma Kina he ʻawaʻawa iki ia, a palekana ia no nā mea hoʻohana.

3. He haʻahaʻa ka ʻawahia o kēia lāʻau i nā manu, nā iʻa, nā ʻōpae, a me nā vertebrates ʻē aʻe, a palekana loa no nā meaola pono e like me nā mea ʻaihue parasitic a me nā mea ʻaihue i ke kaiapuni. Eia nō naʻe, he mea ʻawahia loa ia i nā ilo silika.

4. He ikaika ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o kēia lāʻau. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me nā ʻano hana like ʻole o nā insecticides e like me methamidophos, avermectin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, indoxacarb, a me cypermethrin-cyhalothrin e hoʻohana pū ʻia, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka laulā kaohi, hoʻopaneʻe i ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻē, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wikiwiki o ka hana insecticidal, hoʻolōʻihi i ke koena o ka manawa, a hoʻemi paha i ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻopili ʻana.

II. Nā ʻenehana hoʻohana nui o Chlorantraniliprole

1. Ka wā hoʻopili: E hoʻohana i ka wā ʻōpiopio o nā mea ʻino. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka wā kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohua ʻana i ka hua.

2. E hoʻohana pono e like me nā kuhikuhi ma ka lepili. No ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pīpī, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noe ʻana a i ʻole ka pīpī liʻiliʻi.

3. E hoʻoholo i ka nui o nā noi i kēlā me kēia kau a me ka wā palekana e pili ana i ka mea kanu i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia no ka huahana.

4. Ke kiʻekiʻe ka mahana a nui ka mahu ʻana ma ke kula, e koho e hoʻopili i ka pesticide ma mua o ka hola 10 am a ma hope o ka hola 4 pm ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi wale i ka nui o ka hopena pesticide i hoʻohana ʻia, akā e hoʻonui maikaʻi hoʻi i ka nui o ka hopena pesticide i omo ʻia e nā mea kanu a me ko lākou permeability, kahi e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hopena kaohi.

III. Nā Mālama no ka Hoʻohana ʻana oChlorantraniliprole

I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia huahana, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticides:

1. He mea maʻalahi kēia pesticide i nā tōmato, eggplants, a pēlā aku, a hiki ke hana i nā kiko, ka mae ʻana, a pēlā aku; he mea maʻalahi nā lāʻau citrus, pea, mulberry a me nā lāʻau hua ʻē aʻe i ka wā o ka lau hou a me ka wā hoʻonui lau, kahi e hiki ai ke melemele i nā lau, e hopena i nā hua liʻiliʻi, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o ka hua.

2. Mai hoʻopili i ka pesticide i nā lā makani a i ʻole ke manaʻo ʻia e ua i loko o 1 hola. Eia nō naʻe, kūpaʻa kēia pesticide i ka ua e ʻānai ʻia, a inā ua 2 mau hola ma hope o ka pīpī ʻana, ʻaʻohe pono no ka pīpī hou ʻana.

3. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia huahana ma ke ʻano he Pūʻulu 28 o ke Komite Hoʻokele Kūʻē i nā Mea Pepehi Pepehi Pepehi Kanaka o ka Honua a he ʻano mea pepehi pepeke ia. I mea e pale maikaʻi ai i ka puka ʻana mai o ke kūʻē, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia huahana no hoʻokahi mea kanu ma mua o 2 mau manawa. I ka hanauna o kēia manawa o nā mea ʻino i manaʻo ʻia, inā hoʻohana ʻia kēia huahana a hiki ke hoʻohana mau ʻia no 2 mau manawa, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻololi me nā hui me nā ʻano hana like ʻole (koe wale nō ka Pūʻulu 28) i ka hanauna e hiki mai ana.

4. He maʻalahi kēia huahana i ka dissociation i nā kūlana alkaline a ʻaʻole hiki ke hui pū ʻia me nā waikawa ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea alkaline ikaika.

5. He mea ʻawahia loa ia i ka limu a me nā ilo silika. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka hale ilo silika a me kahi kanu mulberry. I ka wā e hoʻohana ai, e makaʻala i ka mālama ʻana i kahi wahi kaʻawale mai nā ilo silika i ʻole e lele ma luna o nā lau mulberry. Ua pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ia i ka wā pua o nā mea kanu e hana ana i ka nectar a me nā wahi hoʻokuʻu o nā nalo parasitic a me nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe.