E hana: ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pesticides he pilikia olakino a me ka kaiaola.

      (Koe ka Pesticides, Iulai 8, 2024) E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻouna mai i nā manaʻo ma mua o ka Pōʻakolu, Iulai 31, 2024. ʻO ka Acephate kahi lāʻau pesticide no ka ʻohana organophosphate (OP) ʻawaʻawa loa a ua ʻawaʻawa ʻia a ua ʻōlelo ka Environmental Protection Agency e pāpā ia mea koe wale nō. hoʻoponopono ʻōnaehana i nā lāʻau.Ua wehe ʻia ka manawa manaʻo, a e ʻae ʻo EPA i nā manaʻo a hiki i ka Pōʻakolu, Iulai 31, ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka lā palena o Iulai.Ma kēia hihia hoʻohana i koe, ʻaʻole ʻike ka EPA i ka neonicotinoid systemicpesticideshiki ke hoʻopōʻino i ke kaiapuni i nā kaiaola ma o ka lāʻau ʻawaʻawa ʻole.
>> E hoʻouna i nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka acephate a e haʻi i ka EPA ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā pesticides inā hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea kanu.
Ke manaʻo nei ʻo EPA e hoʻopau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acephate, koe naʻe nā ʻoki lāʻau, no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā pilikia āpau i ʻike ʻia e ʻoi aku ka nui o kona hopohopo no ka meaʻai/wai inu, nā pōʻino noho a me nā hana, a me nā pōʻino olaola ʻole.pilikia.Ua ʻike ʻo Beyond Pesticides ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka meaʻai a i ʻole ke ola kino o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka lāʻau, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻopilikia i ka ʻoihana a i ʻole ke olakino kanaka ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻaʻole i mālama ka ʻoihana i nā pōʻino koʻikoʻi kaiapuni.ʻAʻole loiloi ka ʻoihana i nā pōʻino o ke kaiapuni o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻoheheʻe lāʻau, akā manaʻo naʻe ʻaʻole kēia hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pōʻino nui i nā mea ola ʻole.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau inikia he mea koʻikoʻi ia i nā pollinators a me kekahi mau manu ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻēmi ʻia a no laila pono e hoʻokomo ʻia i ka wehe ʻana o ka acephate.
Ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā kumulāʻau, hoʻokomo pololei ʻia nā pesticides i loko o ke kumu, hoʻopili koke ʻia a puʻunaue ʻia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana vascular.No ka mea, ʻo ka acephate a me kāna huahana breakdown methamidophos he mau pesticides systemic soluble loa, hāʻawi ʻia kēia kemika i nā wahi āpau o ka lāʻau, me ka pollen, kohu, resin, lau a me nā mea hou aku.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka nalo a me kekahi mau manu e like me ka hummingbirds, woodpeckers, sapsuckers, vines, nuthatches, chickadees, etc.ʻAʻole ʻike wale ʻia ka nalo i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka pollen i hoʻohaumia ʻia, akā i ka wā e ʻohi ai i ka kohu a me ka resin i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka propolis koʻikoʻi o ka hive.Pēlā nō, hiki i nā manu ke loaʻa i nā koena acephate/metamidophos ʻona ke ʻai lākou i ke kohu lāʻau i hoʻohaumia ʻia, nā ʻiniko/larvae, a me nā pepeke/ʻai lau.
ʻOiai ua kaupalena ʻia ka ʻikepili, ua hoʻoholo ka US Environmental Protection Agency i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acephalate i mea pilikia i ka nalo.Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kahi pūʻulu piha o nā haʻawina pollinator e pili ana i ka acephate a i ʻole methamidophos, no laila ʻaʻohe ʻikepili e pili ana i ka waha o ka waha, ke kanaka makua mau loa, a i ʻole ka larval toxicity i ka meli meli;Ke hōʻike nei kēia mau ʻike āpau i ka kānalua nui i ka loiloi ʻana i ka hopena o ka acephate ma luna o nā pollinators, no ka mea, ʻokoʻa paha ka maʻalahi ma ke ʻano o ke ola a me ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana (nā pākeke me nā larvae a me ka acute versus chronic, kēlā me kēia).ʻO nā hanana ʻino me ke kumu a me ka hopena paha, me ka make nalo, ua pili pū me ka ʻike ʻana i ka nalo i ka acephate a/a i ʻole methamidophos.Maikaʻi ka manaʻo ʻaʻole e hōʻemi ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka acephate i loko o nā kumulāʻau i ka piʻi ʻana o ka pi ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mālama ʻana i nā foliar, akā hiki ke hoʻonui maoli i ka ʻike ma muli o nā kumu kiʻekiʻe i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lāʻau, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka ʻona.Hāʻawi ke keʻena i kahi ʻōlelo pōʻino pollinator no nā ʻoki lāʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia, "He mea ʻawaʻawa kēia huahana i nā pi.ʻAʻole lawa kēia ʻōlelo lepili no ka pale ʻana i ka nalo a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe a i ʻole e hōʻike i ka paʻakikī o ka pilikia.
ʻAʻole i loiloi piha ʻia nā pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acetate a me nā ʻano lāʻau hoʻoheheʻe lāʻau no nā ʻano mea ʻino.Ma mua o ka hoʻopau ʻana i kāna loiloi no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana o ka acephate, pono e hoʻopau ʻo EPA i kahi loiloi o nā ʻano mea i helu ʻia a me nā kūkākūkā kūpono me ka US Fish and Wildlife Service a me ka National Marine Fisheries Service, me ka nānā pono ʻana i nā ʻano manu a me nā iniseti i helu ʻia a me kēia mau manu a me nā inike. .e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka ʻai ʻana, ka ʻai ʻana a me ka hana pūnana.
I ka makahiki 2015, ua hoʻopau ka 'oihana i ka loiloi piha o ka endocrine disruptor acephates a ua hoʻoholo ʻia ʻaʻole i koi ʻia nā ʻikepili hou e loiloi i nā hopena e pili ana i ka estrogen, androgen, a i ʻole nā ​​ala thyroid i loko o ke kanaka a me ka holoholona hihiu.Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike ka ʻike hou e hopohopo paha ka endocrine e hoʻopau i ka hiki o ka acephate a me kona hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka methamidophos ma o nā ala ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, a no laila pono ka EPA e hoʻoponopono i kāna loiloi o ka endocrine disrupting pilikia o ka acephate.
Eia hou, i kāna loiloi ʻana i ka pono, ua hoʻoholo ka Environmental Protection Agency he liʻiliʻi ka pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻokele acetate i ka mālama ʻana i nā pest lāʻau no ka mea he liʻiliʻi nā mea ʻē aʻe no ka hapa nui o nā pōpoki.No laila, ʻaʻole ʻāpono ʻia ka pilikia nui o ka pi a me nā manu e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumulāʻau me ka acepate mai kahi hiʻohiʻona pono.
> E hoʻouna i kahi manaʻo no ka acephate a haʻi i ka EPA inā hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā pesticides.
ʻOiai ke kau mua ʻana i ka loiloi o nā pesticides organophosphate, ʻaʻole i hana ka EPA i ka hana e pale aku i ka poʻe nāwaliwali loa i kā lākou hopena neurotoxic-nā mahiʻai a me nā keiki.I ka makahiki 2021, ua noi ʻo Earthjustice a me nā hui ʻē aʻe i ka Environmental Protection Agency e kāpae i kēia mau pesticides neurotoxic.I kēia pūnāwai, ua alakaʻi ʻo Consumer Reports (CR) i ka noiʻi ʻoi loa o nā pesticides i loko o nā huahana, me ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana i ʻelua mau pūʻulu kemika nui-organophosphates a me carbamates-ʻo ia ka mea pōʻino loa, a pili pū kekahi me ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa, diabetes a me maʻi puʻuwai.maʻi maʻi.Ma muli o kēia mau ʻike, ua noi ʻo CR i ka Environmental Protection Agency e "papa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau pesticides ma nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu."
Ma waho aʻe o nā pilikia i luna, ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ka EPA i ka pilikia endocrine.ʻAʻole noʻonoʻo ʻo EPA i ka heluna kanaka nāwaliwali, ka ʻike ʻana i nā hui ʻana, a me nā pilina synergistic i ka wā e hoʻonohonoho ai i nā pae koena meaʻai.Eia kekahi, hoʻohaumia nā pesticides i ko mākou wai a me ka ea, hoʻopōʻino i nā olaola like ʻole, hōʻeha i nā limahana mahiʻai, a pepehi i nā pi, nā manu, nā iʻa, a me nā holoholona hihiu ʻē aʻe.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole hoʻohana ka meaʻai organik i hōʻoia ʻia e USDA i nā pesticides ʻona i kāna hana ʻana.ʻO nā koena pesticides i loaʻa i loko o nā mea kanu olaola, me nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka mahiʻai kemika ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka pesticide, ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka wai, a i ʻole nā ​​koena lepo.ʻAʻole wale ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai organik no ke olakino kanaka a me ke kaiapuni ma mua o ka hana ʻana i ka kemika, ua hōʻike pū ka ʻepekema hou i ka mea i ʻōlelo lōʻihi ai nā mea hoʻolalelale: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai organik, me ka ʻole o nā koena ʻona mai ka meaʻai maʻamau. huahana.He meaʻai ia a ʻaʻole hoʻomake i nā kānaka a hoʻohaumia paha i nā kaiāulu kahi e ulu ai ka meaʻai.“
ʻO ka noiʻi i paʻi ʻia e The Organic Center e hōʻike ana he ʻoi aku ka nui o nā meaʻai organik ma kekahi mau wahi koʻikoʻi, e like me ka nui o ka mana antioxidant, ka nui o nā polyphenols, a me nā flavonoids kī ʻelua, quercetin a me kaempferol, ʻo ia mau mea a pau nā pono meaʻai.Ua nānā pono ka Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry i ka huina phenolic maʻiʻo o ka blueberries, strawberries, a me ka kulina a ʻike ʻia he ʻoi aku ka nui o nā meaʻai i ulu ʻia ma ke kino.He mea koʻikoʻi nā pūhui Phenolic no ke olakino o nā mea kanu (pale i nā ʻōpala a me nā maʻi) a me ke olakino kanaka no ka mea he "ʻoihana antioxidant ikaika lākou a me kahi ākea o nā waiwai pharmacological, me ka anticancer, antioxidant, a me ka platelet aggregation inhibitory activity."
Hāʻawi ʻia i nā pono o ka hana kūlohelohe, pono e hoʻohana ʻo EPA i ka hana kūlohelohe ma ke ʻano he criterion ke kaupaona ʻana i nā pilikia a me nā pono o nā pesticides.Inā hiki ke ulu i nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana i nā pesticides.“
>> E hoʻouna i kahi manaʻo no ka acephate a haʻi i ka EPA inā hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka mea kanu ma ke kino, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā pesticides.
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