Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau insecticides i nā makika i nā manawa like ʻole o ka lā, a ma waena o ke ao a me ka pō. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi Florida ʻo nā makika Aedes aegypti ʻāhiu kūʻē i ka permethrin ka mea maʻalahi loa i ka lāʻau insecticide ma waena o ke aumoe a me ka puka ʻana o ka lā. A laila ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kūʻē ʻana i ka lā a pau, i ka wā e ʻeleu ai nā makika, e piʻi ana i ka pō a me ka hapa mua o ka pō.
ʻO nā ʻike o kahi noiʻi i mālama ʻia e nā mea noiʻi ma ke Kulanui o Florida (UF) he mau hopena koʻikoʻi nohoʻopaʻa pestʻoihana, e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻohana pono i nā pesticides, mālama kālā, a hoʻemi i ko lākou hopena kaiapuni. "Ua ʻike mākou ʻo ka nui o nā doses opermethrinpono e pepehi namu ma 6 pm a me 10 pm Ke hōʻike nei kēia mau ʻikepili e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka permethrin ke hoʻohana ʻia ma waena o ke aumoe a me ka wanaʻao (6 am) ma mua o ke ahiahi (ma kahi o 6 pm), "wahi a Lt. Sierra Schloop, he mea kākau kumu o ka noiʻi. Ua paʻi ʻia ka haʻawina ma ka Journal of Medical Entomology i Pepeluali. ke Kulanui o Florida me Eva Buckner, Ph.D., ka mea kākau kiʻekiʻe o ka haʻawina.
Me he mea la e like me ka noʻonoʻo maʻamau, ʻo ka manawa maikaʻi loa e hoʻohana ai i ka lāʻau inika i ka makika, ʻo ia ka wā e kani ai, lele, a nahu, akā ʻaʻole pēlā ka hihia, ma ka liʻiliʻi ma nā hoʻokolohua me ka permethrin, kekahi o nā lāʻau lāʻau hoʻomalu namu i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia haʻawina. Nahu nui ka namu Aedes aegypti i ka lā, ma loko a ma waho, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma kahi o ʻelua hola ma hope o ka puka ʻana o ka lā a me kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā. Hiki i ke kukui artificial ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa e hiki ai iā lākou ke lilo i ka pōʻeleʻele.
Loaʻa ʻia ʻo Aedes aegypti (ʻike mau ʻia ʻo ka namu maʻi maʻi melemele) ma nā ʻāina āpau koe ʻo Antarctica a ʻo ia ka mea hoʻokele no nā maʻi maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, a me Zika. Ua hoʻopili ʻia i nā maʻi maʻi endemic ma Florida.
Eia naʻe, ua ʻike ʻo Schluep he ʻoiaʻiʻo paha ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo no hoʻokahi ʻano makika ma Florida no nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā mea like ʻole, e like me ka wahi ʻāina, ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā hopena genome sequencing o kekahi makika mai nā Chihuahuas a me Great Danes. No laila, ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻo ia, pili wale nā mea i ʻike ʻia i ka namu maʻi maʻi melemele ma Florida.
Aia naʻe hoʻokahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ʻōlelo ʻo ia. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā ʻike o kēia haʻawina e kōkua iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i nā heluna kanaka ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻano.
Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻike koʻikoʻi o ka noiʻi ʻana i kekahi mau genes e hoʻohua i nā enzyme e metabolize a detoxify permethrin i hoʻopilikia pū ʻia e nā loli i ka ikaika māmā ma kahi manawa 24-hola. Ua nānā kēia haʻawina i ʻelima mau genes, akā hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā hopena i nā genes ʻē aʻe ma waho o ke aʻo ʻana.
"Ma muli o ka mea a mākou i ʻike ai e pili ana i kēia mau hana a me ka biology namu, he mea kūpono ke hoʻonui i kēia manaʻo ma mua o kēia mau genes a me kēia heluna hihiu," wahi a Schluep.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻōlelo a i ʻole ka hana o kēia mau genes ma hope o 2 pm a piʻi i ka pōʻeleʻele ma waena o 6 pm a me 2 am ʻO Schlup e kuhikuhi ana i ka nui o nā genes i komo i kēia kaʻina hana, ʻelima wale nō i aʻo ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia no ka mea ke hana ikaika kēia mau genes, hoʻonui ʻia ka detoxification. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā enzymes no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma hope o ka lohi ʻana o kā lākou hana.
"ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka lā i ka pale ʻana i ka insecticide i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā enzyme detoxification ma Aedes aegypti hiki ke ʻae i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā insecticides i nā manawa ke kiʻekiʻe loa ka maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana enzyme detoxification," wahi āna.
"ʻO nā hoʻololi o ka lā i ka ʻike permethrin a me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka gene metabolic i Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) ma Florida"
ʻO Ed Ricciuti he mea kākau moʻolelo, mea kākau, a me ka mea kākau maoli i kākau no ka hapalua haneli. ʻO kāna puke hou loa ʻo Backyard Bears: Big Animals, Suburban Sprawl, and the New Urban Jungle (Countryman Press, June 2014). Aia kona mau kapuaʻi ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. He loea ʻo ia i ke ʻano, ʻepekema, mālama, a me ka hoʻokō kānāwai. He curator ʻo ia ma New York Zoological Society a ke hana nei ʻo ia no ka Wildlife Conservation Society. ʻO ia wale nō paha ke kanaka ma Manhattan's 57th Street i nahu ʻia e ka coati.
Ua ʻike mua ʻia nā makika Aedes scapularis, i ka makahiki 1945 ma Florida. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi hou o nā laʻana namu i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka makahiki 2020 ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā makika Aedes scapularis iā lākou iho i nā kalana ʻo Miami-Dade a me Broward ma ka ʻāina ʻo Florida. [E heluhelu hou]
He ʻano maoli nā nalo poʻo cone no ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻAmelika Hema a loaʻa ma ʻelua mau wahi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa: Dania Beach a me Pompano Beach, Florida. Hōʻike ʻia kahi loiloi genetic hou o nā heluna ʻelua mai ka hoʻouka kaua like ʻana. [E heluhelu hou]
Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana e hiki i nā makika ke neʻe i kahi lōʻihi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā makani kiʻekiʻe, ke hoʻonui nei ka noiʻi hou ʻana i nā ʻano a me nā pae o nā makika i komo i loko o ia neʻe ʻana - nā mea e paʻakikī i nā hana e pale i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi malaria a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i lawe ʻia e nā makika ma ʻApelika. [E heluhelu hou]
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-26-2025