Hāʻawi nā ʻupena moe pepeke hana pālua hou i ka manaʻolana i ke kaua ʻana i ka malaria ma ʻApelika

Mea pepehi pepekeUa lilo nā ʻupena i mālama ʻia (ITN) i kumu hoʻohālike o nā hana pale malaria i nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala iho nei, a ua hoʻokani nui ko lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka hoʻopakele ʻana i nā ola. Mai ka makahiki 2000, ua pale aku nā hana hoʻomalu malaria honua, me nā hoʻolaha ITN, i nā hihia malaria he 2 biliona a kokoke i 13 miliona mau make.
ʻOiai kekahi holomua, ua kūʻē nā makika hoʻoili malaria ma nā wahi he nui i nā insecticides i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā ʻupena moe i mālama ʻia me nā insecticides, ʻoiai nā pyrethroids, e hōʻemi ana i ko lākou pono a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka holomua o ka pale ʻana i ka malaria. Ua hoʻoikaika kēia hoʻoweliweli e ulu nei i nā mea noiʻi e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻupena moe hou e hāʻawi ana i ka pale lōʻihi e kūʻē i ka malaria.
I ka makahiki 2017, ua ʻōlelo ka WHO i ka ʻupena moe mua i mālama ʻia me ka pepeke i hoʻolālā ʻia e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kūʻē i nā makika pale pyrethroid. ʻOiai he ʻanuʻu koʻikoʻi kēia i mua, pono ka hana hou e hoʻomohala i nā ʻupena moe i mālama ʻia me ka pepeke i hana pālua, loiloi i ko lākou pono e kūʻē i nā makika pale pepeke a me ko lākou hopena i ka laha ʻana o ka malaria, a loiloi i ko lākou kumukūʻai kūpono.
Ua paʻi ʻia ma mua o ka World Malaria Day 2025, hōʻike kēia kiʻi i ka noiʻi, ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā ʻupena i mālama ʻia me nā pepeke ʻūpā lua (DINETs) - ka hopena o nā makahiki o ka laulima ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāina, nā kaiāulu, nā mea hana, nā mea kākoʻo kālā a me nā ʻano hoa honua, ʻāpana a me ka ʻāina.
I ka makahiki 2018, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Unitaid a me ka Global Fund i ka papahana New Nets, i alakaʻi ʻia e ka Coalition for Innovative Vector Control me ka laulima pū ʻana me nā papahana malaria aupuni a me nā hoa ʻē aʻe, me ka US President's Malaria Initiative, ka Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation a me MedAccess, e kākoʻo i ka hana ʻana i nā hōʻike a me nā papahana hoʻāʻo e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻupena moe i mālama ʻia me nā pepeke ʻelua ma ʻApelika hema o Sahara e hoʻoponopono i ke kūʻē ʻana o ka pyrethroid.
Ua hoʻokomo mua ʻia nā pūnaewele ma Burkina Faso i ka makahiki 2019, a ma nā makahiki ma hope mai ma Benin, Mozambique, Rwanda a me ka United Republic of Tanzania e hoʻāʻo ai pehea e hana ai nā pūnaewele ma nā kūlana like ʻole.
Ma ka hopena o 2022, ʻo ka papahana New Mosquito Nets, me ka hui pū ʻana me ka Global Fund a me ka US President's Malaria Initiative, e hoʻokomo i nā ʻupena namu ma mua o 56 miliona ma 17 mau ʻāina ma ʻApelika hema o ka Sahara kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ke kūpaʻa ʻana i nā pepeke pepeke.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau a me nā haʻawina hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaikaʻi nā ʻupena e loaʻa ana nā insecticides hana pālua i nā helu kaohi malaria ma 20-50% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻupena maʻamau e loaʻa ana nā pyrethrins wale nō. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau ma ka Repubalika Hui Pū ʻIa o Tanzania a me Benin e hōʻemi nui ana nā ʻupena e loaʻa ana nā pyrethrins a me chlorfenapyr i nā helu maʻi malaria i nā keiki mai 6 mahina a 10 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻupena namu o ka hanauna hou, nā lāʻau pale a me nā ʻenehana hou ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā ʻana i nā papahana kaohi a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka malaria, me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i ka Global Fund a me ka Gavi Vaccine Alliance.
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻupena moe hou, ke hoʻomohala nei nā kānaka noiʻi i nā ʻano mea hana kaohi vector hou, e like me nā mea pale lewa, nā maunu home make (nā ʻōmole koʻokoʻo pale), a me nā makika i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano genetic.