Me ka hoʻopuka makahiki ma luna o 700,000 tons, ʻo ka glyphosate ka mea hoʻohana nui loa a me ka herbicide nui loa ma ka honua.ʻO ke kūʻē ʻana o ka weed a me nā mea hoʻoweliweli i ke kaiaola a me ke olakino kanaka i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana i ka glyphosate ua hoihoi nui ʻia.
Ma ka lā 29 o Mei, ua paʻi ka hui o Polofesa Guo Ruiting mai ka State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, i hoʻokumu pū ʻia e ke Kula o Life Sciences o ke Kulanui ʻo Hubei a me nā keʻena panalāʻau a me nā kuhina, i paʻi i ka pepa noiʻi hou loa ma ka Journal of Hazardous Materials, analysing. ka nānā mua ʻana o ka mauʻu barnyard.(He mauu paddy malignant)-i loaʻa i ka aldo-keto reductase AKR4C16 a me AKR4C17 e hoʻopaʻa i ke ʻano hana o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka glyphosate, a hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa i ka maikaʻi degradation o ka glyphosate e AKR4C17 ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā molekala.
Ke ulu nei i ka glyphosate kū'ē.
Mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana i nā makahiki 1970, ua kaulana ka glyphosate ma nā wahi a pau o ka honua, a ua lilo i ka lāʻau herbicide ʻoi loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.Hoʻokumu ia i nā maʻi metabolic i loko o nā mea kanu, me ka mauʻu, ma ke kāohi pono ʻana i ka 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), kahi enzyme koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana a me ka metabolism.a me ka make.
No laila, ʻo ka hānai ʻana i nā mea kanu transgenic kūpaʻa i ka glyphosate a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka glyphosate ma ke kula he ala koʻikoʻi ia e kāohi ai i ka mauʻu i ka mahiʻai hou.
Eia nō naʻe, me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana a me ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana i ka glyphosate, ua ulu mālie nā mau ʻuala a hoʻomohala i ka hoʻomanawanui glyphosate kiʻekiʻe.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea kanu i hoʻololi ʻia i ka glyphosate ke hoʻololi i ka glyphosate, ka hopena i ka hōʻiliʻili a me ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka glyphosate i nā mea kanu, hiki ke hoʻolaha maʻalahi i ke kaulahao meaʻai a hoʻoweliweli i ke olakino kanaka.
No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻimi ʻana i nā genes hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka glyphosate, i mea e hoʻoulu ai i nā mea kanu transgenic kūpaʻa-glyphosate kiʻekiʻe me nā koena glyphosate haʻahaʻa.
Ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hana aniani a me ka hana catalytic reaction o nā mea kanu i loaʻa i ka glyphosate-degrading enzymes
I ka makahiki 2019, ua ʻike nā hui noiʻi Kina a me Australia i ʻelua glyphosate-degrading aldo-keto reductases, AKR4C16 a me AKR4C17, no ka manawa mua mai ka mauʻu barnyard pale glyphosate.Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i ka NADP + ma ke ʻano he cofactor e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka glyphosate i nontoxic aminomethylphosphonic acid a me glyoxylic acid.
ʻO AKR4C16 a me AKR4C17 ka mea mua i hōʻike ʻia i ka glyphosate-degrading enzyme i hana ʻia e ka hoʻololi kūlohelohe o nā mea kanu.I mea e ʻimi hou aku ai i ke ʻano molekala o kā lākou hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka glyphosate, ua hoʻohana ka hui o Guo Ruiting i ka X-ray crystallography e nānā i ka pilina ma waena o kēia mau enzyme ʻelua a me ka cofactor kiʻekiʻe.Ua hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano paʻakikī o ka hoʻonā i ke ʻano hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka paʻakikī ternary o glyphosate, NADP + a me AKR4C17, a ua manaʻo i ke ʻano catalytic reaction o AKR4C16 a me AKR4C17-mediated glyphosate degradation.
ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana o AKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate complex a me ke ʻano hana o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka glyphosate.
Hoʻomaikaʻi ka hoʻololi molekala i ka maikaʻi degradation o glyphosate.
Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi ʻekolu-dimensional o AKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate, ua loaʻa hou i ka hui ʻo Professor Guo Ruiting kahi protein mutant AKR4C17F291D me ka piʻi ʻana he 70% o ka maikaʻi degradation o ka glyphosate ma o ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻolālā enzyme a me ka hoʻolālā kūpono.
Ka nānā ʻana o ka hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa glyphosate o AKR4C17 mutants.
"Ke hōʻike nei kā mākou hana i ke ʻano molecular o AKR4C16 a me AKR4C17 e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka glyphosate, kahi kumu nui no ka hoʻololi hou ʻana o AKR4C16 a me AKR4C17 e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou degradation pono o ka glyphosate."ʻO ka mea kākau kūpono o ka pepa, ʻo Polofesa Dai Longhai o ke Kulanui ʻo Hubei i ʻōlelo ua kūkulu lākou i ka protein mutant AKR4C17F291D me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka glyphosate maikaʻi, e hāʻawi ana i kahi mea hana koʻikoʻi no ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu transgenic kiʻekiʻe me nā koena glyphosate haʻahaʻa a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka microbial engineering bacteria. hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka glyphosate i ke kaiapuni.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ua lōʻihi ka hana ʻana o ka hui o Guo Ruiting i ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ka hale a me ke kūkākūkā ʻana o ka biodegradation enzymes, terpenoid synthases, a me nā protein target drug o nā mea ʻawaʻawa a me nā mea ʻino i ke kaiapuni.ʻO Li Hao, ka mea noiʻi hui ʻo Yang Yu a me ke kumu aʻo ʻo Hu Yumei i loko o ka hui nā mea kākau mua o ka pepa, a ʻo Guo Ruiting lāua ʻo Dai Longhai nā mea kākau like.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jun-02-2022