ʻAʻohe ʻawahia, ʻaʻohe koena o ka mea hoʻoponopono ulu mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo - prohexadione calcium

ʻO Prohexadione kahi ʻano hou o ka mea hoʻoponopono ulu mea kanu o ka waikawa cyclohexane carboxylic. Ua hoʻomohala pū ʻia e Japan Combination Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. a me BASF o Kelemania. Hoʻopaʻa ia i ka biosynthesis o ka gibberellin i loko o nā mea kanu a hoʻemi i ka nui o ka gibberellin i nā mea kanu, a laila e hoʻopaneʻe a kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea kanu cereal, e like me ka palaoa, ka bale, ka laiki, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā pīnati, nā pua a me nā lau nahele e kāohi i ko lākou ulu ʻana.

1 Hoʻolauna Huahana

Inoa maʻamau Kina: calcium waikawa procyclonic

Inoa maʻamau Pelekania: Prohexadione-calcium

Inoa hui: calcium 3-oxo-5-oxo-4-propionylcyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

Helu komo CAS: 127277-53-6

ʻO ke ʻano molekala: C10H10CaO5

Ka nuipa molekala pili: 250.3

ʻAno hoʻonohonoho:

Nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika: ʻAno: pauka keʻokeʻo; kiko heheʻe >360℃; kaomi mahu: 1.74 × 10-5 Pa (20℃); coefficient mahele octanol/wai: Kow lgP=-2.90 (20℃); density: 1.435 g/mL; ʻO ke kūpaʻa o Henry: 1.92 × 10-5 Pa m3mol-1 (calc.). Solubility (20℃): 174 mg/L i loko o ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia; methanol 1.11 mg/L, acetone 0.038 mg/L, n-hexane <0.003 mg/L, toluene 0.004 mg/L, ethyl acetate <0.010 mg/L, iso Propanol 0.105 mg/L, dichloromethane 0.004 mg/L. Paʻa: paʻa ka mahana a hiki i ka 180℃; hydrolysis DT50<5 d (pH=4, 20℃), 21 d (pH7, 20℃), 89 d (pH9, 25℃); i loko o ka wai maoli, ʻo ka photolysis wai DT50 he 6.3 d, ʻo ka photolysis DT50 i loko o ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he 2.7 d (29～34℃, 0.25W/m2).

ʻAkika: ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua o ka prohexadione he pesticide haʻahaʻa ka ʻakika. ʻO ka LD50 waha koʻikoʻi (kāne/wahine) o nā ʻiole he >5,000 mg/kg, ʻo ka LD50 percutaneous koʻikoʻi (kāne/wahine) o nā ʻiole he >2,000 mg/kg, a ʻo ka LD50 waha koʻikoʻi o nā ʻiole (kāne/wahine) he >2,000 mg/kg. ʻAkika hanu LC50 (4 h, kāne/wahine)> 4.21 mg/L. I ka manawa like, he haʻahaʻa ka ʻakika i nā meaola kaiapuni e like me nā manu, nā iʻa, nā ʻuku wai, nā limu, nā pi, a me nā ilo honua.

ʻAno hana: Ma ke komo ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka waikawa gibberellic i loko o nā mea kanu, hoʻemi ia i ka nui o ka waikawa gibberellic i loko o nā mea kanu, kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā wāwae, paipai i ka pua a me ka hua ʻana, hoʻonui i ka hua, hoʻomohala i nā ʻōnaehana aʻa, pale i nā membrane cell a me nā membrane organelle, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i nā mea kanu. I mea e kāohi ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka mea kanu a paipai i ka ulu hānau.

2 Ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana

Wahi a ka nīnau a ka China Pesticide Information Network, i Ianuali 2022, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia he 11 mau huahana prohexadione calcium ma koʻu ʻāina, me 3 mau lāʻau lapaʻau loea a me 8 mau hoʻomākaukau, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa 1.

Papa 1 Ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana o ka prohexadione calcium ma koʻu ʻāina

3 Nā manaʻolana mākeke

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoponopono ulu mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua like ka prohexadione calcium me nā mea hoʻoponopono ulu mea kanu o paclobutrazol, niconazole a me trinexapac-ethyl. Hoʻopaʻa ia i ka biosynthesis o ka waikawa gibberellic i nā mea kanu, a he kuleana kona i ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana i nā mea kanu, ʻo ia ke kuleana o ka kaohi ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe koena o ka prohexadione-calcium ma nā mea kanu, ʻaʻohe haumia i ke kaiapuni, a emi iki ka hopena ma nā mea kanu ma hope a me nā mea kanu ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he ākea loa kona manaʻolana noi.