He mea ʻino anei ʻo Spinosad i nā pepeke maikaʻi?

Ma ke ʻano he Biopesticide ākea ākea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana insecticidal o ka spinosad ma mua o ka organophosphorus, Carbamate, Cyclopentadiene a me nā insecticides ʻē aʻe, ʻO nā mea ʻino e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻomalu pono e pili ana i nā mea ʻino Lepidoptera, Fly a me Thrips, a he hopena ʻawahia hoʻi ia i kekahi mau ʻano mea ʻino kikoʻī ma Beetle, Orthoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Flea, Lepidoptera a me Rodent, akā ʻaʻole kūpono ka hopena kaohi ma nā ʻāpana waha o nā pepeke a me nā mites.

ʻOi aku ka laulā o ka insecticidal o ka hanauna ʻelua o ka spinosad ma mua o ka hanauna mua o ka spinosad, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana ʻia ma nā lāʻau hua. Hiki iā ia ke kāohi i kekahi mau mea ʻino koʻikoʻi e like me ka ʻāpala moth ma nā lāʻau hua pea, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka hanauna mua o nā multi fungicides ke kāohi i ka hanana o kēia pest. ʻO nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i kēia insecticide ke kāohi ʻo ia hoʻi nā pea fruit borers, leafroller moths, thrips, a me nā leafminer moths ma nā huaʻai, nā nati, nā hua waina, a me nā mea kanu.

Loaʻa i ka Spinosad ke koho kiʻekiʻe no nā pepeke maikaʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi hiki ke hoʻopili koke ʻia ka spinosad a hoʻololi nui ʻia i loko o nā holoholona e like me nā ʻiole, nā ʻīlio, a me nā pōpoki. Wahi a nā hōʻike, i loko o 48 mau hola, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he 60% a 80% o ka spinosad a i ʻole kāna mau metabolites ma o ka mimi a i ʻole ka feces. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka spinosad ma ka ʻiʻo adipose holoholona, ​​​​a ukali ʻia e ke akepaʻa, nā puʻupaʻa, ka waiū, a me nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo. ʻO ke koena o ka spinosad i loko o nā holoholona e hoʻololi nui ʻia e N2 Demethylation, O2 Demethylation a me hydroxylation.

Nā hoʻohana:

1. No ke kāohi ʻana i ka nalo Diamondback, e hoʻohana i ka 2.5% wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he 1000-1500 manawa o ka wai e pīpī like ai i ke kahua kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻenuhe ʻōpio, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i ka 2.5% wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he 33-50ml i 20-50kg o ka wai i kēlā me kēia 667 mika kuea.
2. No ke kāohi ʻana i ka ilo beet, e pīpī i ka wai me ka 2.5% mea hoʻokuʻu 50-100ml no 667 mika kuea i ke kahua larval mua, a ʻo ka hopena maikaʻi loa i ke ahiahi.
3. No ka pale ʻana a me ke kāohi ʻana i nā thrips, i kēlā me kēia 667 mika kuea, e hoʻohana i ka 2.5% mea hoʻokuʻu 33-50ml e pīpī i ka wai, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i ka 2.5% mea hoʻokuʻu 1000-1500 mau manawa o ka wai e pīpī like ai, e kālele ana ma nā ʻiʻo ʻōpio e like me nā pua, nā hua ʻōpio, nā wēlau a me nā wana.

Nā Mālama:

1. Hiki ke lilo i mea ʻawahia i nā iʻa a i ʻole nā ​​meaola wai ʻē aʻe, a pono e pale ʻia ka haumia o nā kumu wai a me nā loko.
2. E mālama i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi maloʻo a me kahi anu.
3. ʻEhiku lā ka manawa ma waena o ka hoʻopili hope loa ʻana a me ka ʻohi ʻana. Mai hoʻohāʻule i ka ua i loko o 24 mau hola ma hope o ka pīpī ʻana.
4. Pono e makaʻala i ka palekana pilikino. Inā pīpī i loko o nā maka, e holoi koke me ka nui o ka wai. Inā pili i ka ʻili a i ʻole ke kapa, e holoi me ka nui o ka wai a i ʻole ka wai kopa. Inā lawe hewa ʻia, mai hoʻoulu i ka luaʻi ʻana iā ʻoe iho, mai hānai i kekahi mea a i ʻole e hoʻoulu i ka luaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi i ala ʻole a i ʻole he spasms. Pono e hoʻouna koke ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana.