ʻO Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) kekahi o nā pahuhopu nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano herbicide hou, e helu ana i kahi hapa nui o ka mākeke. Ma muli o ka hana nui ʻana o kēia herbicide i ka chlorophyll a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā mammals, aia kēia herbicide i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka palekana.
Loaʻa i nā holoholona, mea kanu, bacteria a me nā haʻiki nā protoporphyrinogen oxidase, ka mea nāna e hoʻopaʻa i ka protoporphyrinogen IX i ka protoporphyrin IX ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka oxygen mole, ʻo ka protoporphyrinogen oxidase ka enzyme maʻamau hope loa i ka biosynthesis tetrapyrrole, ka nui o ka synthesizing heme ferrous a me ka chlorophyll. I nā mea kanu, loaʻa i ka protoporphyrinogen oxidase ʻelua isoenzymes, aia i loko o ka mitochondria a me nā chloroplasts. ʻO ka Protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors he mau lāʻau lapaʻau pili ikaika, hiki ke hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka mālama ʻana i ka mauʻu ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka synthesis o nā puaʻa mea kanu, a loaʻa kahi manawa koena pōkole i ka lepo, ʻaʻole ia e pōʻino i nā mea kanu hope. Loaʻa i nā ʻano hou o kēia herbicide nā hiʻohiʻona o ka koho, ka hana kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hōʻiliʻili i ke kaiapuni.
ʻO nā mea pale PPO o nā ʻano herbicide nui
1. Diphenyl ether herbicides
ʻO kekahi mau ʻano PPO hou
3.1 ʻO ka inoa ISO saflufenacil i loaʻa ma 2007 - BASF, ua pau ka patent i 2021.
I ka makahiki 2009, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa mua ʻia ʻo benzochlor ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ua kūʻai ʻia ma 2010. ʻO Benzochlor i kēia manawa i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kanada, Kina, Nicaragua, Chile, Argentina, Brazil a me Australia. I kēia manawa, nui nā ʻoihana ma Kina e hoʻopaʻa inoa.
3.2 Ua lanakila 'o ia i ka inoa ISO tiafenacil i ka makahiki 2013 a ua pau ka patent i ka makahiki 2029.
Ma 2018, ua hoʻokuʻu mua ʻia ka flursulfuryl ester ma South Korea; Ma 2019, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma Sri Lanka, e wehe ana i ka huakaʻi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka huahana ma nā mākeke o waho. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ka flursulfuryl ester ma Australia, United States, Canada, Brazil a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, a ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma nā mākeke nui ʻē aʻe.
3.3 Ua loaʻa ka inoa ISO trifludimoxazin (trifluoxazin) ma 2014 a pau ka patent i 2030.
Ma Mei 28, 2020, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua o ka trifluoxazine ma Australia no ka manawa mua ma ka honua, a ua wikiwiki ka holomua o ke kaʻina hana kūʻai honua o trifluoxazine, a ma Iulai 1 o ia makahiki hoʻokahi, ua ʻae ʻia ka huahana hui ʻana o BASF (125.0g / L tricfluoxazine + 250.0g /L suspensionzo) ma Australia.
3.4 ISO inoa cyclopyranil i loaʻa ma 2017 - pau ka patent i 2034.
Ua noi kekahi hui Kepani no ka palapala hoʻopaneʻe ʻEulopa (EP3031806) no kahi pūhui maʻamau, me ka pūhui cyclopyranil, a waiho i kahi palapala noi PCT, hoʻolaha honua No. WO2015020156A1, i kau ʻia ma ʻAukake 7, 2014. Ua ʻae ʻia ka patent ma Kina, Australia, Brazil, Italia, Iapana, South Korea, Russia, a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
3.5 epyrifenacil i hāʻawi ʻia i ka inoa ISO ma 2020
Epyrifenacil ākea spectrum, wikiwiki hopena, nui hoʻohana 'ia i ka palaoa, palaoa, bale, raiki, sorghum, soybean, pulupulu, sugar beet, peanut, sunflower, rape, pua, ornamental mea kanu, mea kanu, e pale aku i ka nui ākea-lau mauu a me ka mauʻu mauʻu, e like me setae, pipi mauʻu, barnyard mauʻu, ryegrass.
3.6 ISO i kapa ʻia ʻo flufenoximacil (Flufenoximacil) ma 2022
ʻO ka Fluridine kahi herbicide mea hoʻopale PPO me ka lau nahele ākea, ka wikiwiki o ka hana, pono i ka lā hoʻokahi o ka noi, a me ka maʻalahi no nā mea kanu ma hope. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka fluridine ka hana kiʻekiʻe loa, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā mea hana o nā lāʻau insecticidal herbicides i ka pae gram, ʻo ia ka mea e pili ana i ke kaiapuni.
I ʻApelila 2022, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ka fluridine ma Cambodia, kāna papa inoa mua o ka honua. ʻO ka huahana mua e loaʻa ana kēia mea nui e helu ʻia ma Kina ma lalo o ka inoa kālepa "Fast as the wind".
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-26-2024