Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticide hale a me nā pae waika 3-phenoxybenzoic urinary i nā pākeke: nā hōʻike mai nā ana i hana hou ʻia.

Ua ana mākou i nā pae mimi o ka 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), kahi metabolite pyrethroid, i loko o 1239 mau poʻe Korea ʻelemakule ma nā kuaʻāina a me nā kūlanakauhale. Ua nānā pū mākou i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pyrethroid me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kumu ʻikepili nīnau;
       Mea pepehi kanaka o ka haleʻO nā pīpī he kumu nui ia o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā pyrethroids ma ke kaiāulu i waena o nā poʻe ʻelemakule ma Kōlea Hema, e hōʻike ana i ka pono no ka kaohi nui ʻana i nā kumu o ke kaiapuni e hōʻike pinepine ʻia ai nā pyrethroids, me nā pīpī pesticide.
No kēia mau kumu, he mea nui paha ke aʻo ʻana i nā hopena o nā pyrethroids i ka poʻe ʻelemakule ma Korea a ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka poʻe ʻelemakule. Eia nō naʻe, he palena wale nō nā haʻawina e hoʻohālikelike ana i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid a i ʻole nā ​​​​pae 3-PBA i nā pākeke ma nā wahi kuaʻāina a i ʻole nā ​​​​kūlanakauhale, a he kakaikahi nā haʻawina e hōʻike ana i nā ala hiki ke hōʻike ʻia a me nā kumu hiki ke hōʻike ʻia.
No laila, ua ana mākou i nā pae 3-PBA i loko o nā laʻana mimi o ka poʻe ʻelemakule ma Korea a ua hoʻohālikelike i nā pae 3-PBA i loko o ka mimi o ka poʻe ʻelemakule ma nā kuaʻāina a me nā kūlanakauhale. Eia kekahi, ua loiloi mākou i ka hapa i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā palena o kēia manawa e hoʻoholo ai i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pyrethroid i waena o nā pākeke ma Korea. Ua loiloi pū mākou i nā kumu kūpono o ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pyrethroid me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nīnau nīnau a ua hoʻopili iā lākou me nā pae 3-PBA i loko o ka mimi.
Ma kēia haʻawina, ua ana mākou i nā pae 3-PBA mimi i nā pākeke Korea e noho ana ma nā wahi kuaʻāina a me nā kūlanakauhale a ua nānā i ka pilina ma waena o nā kumu kūpono o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid a me nā pae 3-PBA mimi. Ua hoʻoholo pū mākou i ka hapa o nā keu o nā palena e kū nei a ua loiloi i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena a me loko o kēlā me kēia kanaka i nā pae 3-PBA.
Ma kahi noiʻi i paʻi mua ʻia, ua ʻike mākou i kahi pilina koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā pae 3-PBA mimi a me ka emi ʻana o ka hana māmā i nā pākeke kūlanakauhale ma Kōlea Hema [3]. No ka mea ua ʻike mākou ua hōʻike ʻia nā pākeke kūlanakauhale Korea i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā pyrethroids i kā mākou noiʻi mua [3], ua hoʻohālikelike mau mākou i nā pae 3-PBA mimi o nā pākeke kuaʻāina a me ke kūlanakauhale e loiloi i ka nui o nā waiwai pyrethroid keu. A laila ua loiloi kēia noiʻi i nā kumu kūpono o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid.
He nui nā ikaika o kā mākou noiʻi. Ua hoʻohana mākou i nā ana hou ʻana o ka 3-PBA mimi e hōʻike i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid. Hiki i kēia hoʻolālā panel longitudinal ke hōʻike i nā loli manawa i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid, hiki ke loli maʻalahi i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Eia kekahi, me kēia hoʻolālā noiʻi, hiki iā mākou ke nānā i kēlā me kēia kumuhana ma ke ʻano he mana ponoʻī a loiloi i nā hopena pōkole o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 3-PBA ma ke ʻano he covariate no ka papa manawa i loko o kēlā me kēia kanaka. Eia kekahi, ʻo mākou ka mea mua i ʻike i nā kumu kaiapuni (ʻaʻole hana) o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid i nā pākeke ma Korea. Eia nō naʻe, he mau palena ko kā mākou noiʻi. Ma kēia noiʻi, ua hōʻiliʻili mākou i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pīpī insecticidal me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nīnau nīnau, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka manawa ma waena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pīpī insecticidal a me ka hōʻiliʻili mimi. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka loli ʻana o nā ʻano hana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pīpī insecticidal, ma muli o ka metabolism wikiwiki o nā pyrethroids i loko o ke kino kanaka, hiki i ka manawa ma waena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pīpī insecticidal a me ka hōʻiliʻili mimi ke hoʻololi nui i nā ʻano 3-PBA mimi. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kā mākou poʻe i komo i ka ʻano he ʻelele no ka mea ua kālele mākou i hoʻokahi wahi kuaʻāina a me hoʻokahi wahi kūlanakauhale, ʻoiai ua like kā mākou mau pae 3-PBA me nā mea i ana ʻia i nā pākeke, me nā pākeke, ma KoNEHS. No laila, pono e aʻo hou ʻia nā kumu kaiapuni ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pyrethroid i loko o kahi heluna kanaka hōʻike o nā pākeke.
No laila, ua ʻike ʻia nā poʻe ʻelemakule ma Korea i nā nui o nā pyrethroids, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pīpī pepeke pepeke ke kumu nui o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ke kaiapuni. No laila, pono ka noiʻi hou aku e pili ana i nā kumu o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka pyrethroid i waena o nā poʻe ʻelemakule ma Korea, a pono nā kaohi ikaika i nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni i hōʻike pinepine ʻia, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pīpī pepeke pepeke pepeke, e pale aku i ka poʻe i maʻalahi i nā pyrethroids, me ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i nā kemika kaiapuni. poʻe ʻelemakule.