Nā mea kanu a me nā mea pathogen
Ua ho'olako 'ia e Kauka Pat Brown ma ke Kulanui o Illinois (ma UC Davis i kēia manawa).Ua wehewehe mua ʻia a he hōʻuluʻulu o nā laina like ʻole i hoʻololi ʻia i photoperiod-insensitivity a me ke kiʻekiʻe liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea kanu i nā kaiapuni US.Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā laina 510 mai kēia heluna kanaka ma kēia noiʻi ʻana ʻoiai ma muli o ka ʻino o ka germination a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻokele maikaʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia nā laina āpau i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano ʻekolu.I ka hopena, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻikepili mai nā laina 345 no ka nānā ʻana i ka pane chitin, 472 laina no ka pane flg22, a me 456 no ke kū'ē TLS.B. cookeiUa loaʻa ka strain LSLP18 mai Dr. Burt Bluhm ma ke Kulanui o Arkansas.
Ana pane MAMP
ʻElua mau MAMP like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia haʻawina flg22, (Genscript catalog # RP19986), a me chitin.Ua ulu ʻia nā mea kanu Sorghum i loko o nā mea hoʻokomo i waiho ʻia ma nā pā i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka lepo (33% Sunshine Redi-Earth Pro Growing Mix) i loko o ka hale kōmaena.Ua hoʻohāinu ʻia nā mea kanu i ka lā ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i mea e pale ai i ka makū o nā lau i ka lā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā laina a, no nā kumu logistical, ua kanu ʻia i nā pūʻulu o 60 mau laina.No kēlā me kēia laina, ua kanu ʻia ʻekolu 'pota' me ʻelua mau hua no ka lālani.Ua kanu ʻia nā pūʻulu hope i ka wā i hoʻoponopono ʻia ai ka pūʻulu mua a hiki i ka helu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka a pau.Ua mālama ʻia nā holo hoʻokolohua ʻelua no nā MAMP ʻelua me nā genotypes i hoʻololi hou ʻia i kēlā me kēia o nā holo ʻelua.
Ua hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ROS e like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia.ʻO ka pōkole, no kēlā me kēia laina, kanu ʻia nā hua ʻeono i loko o 3 mau ipu ʻokoʻa.Mai nā hua hua, ua koho ʻia ʻekolu ma muli o ke kūlike.ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu i ʻike ʻole ʻia a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a pōkole paha ma mua o ka hapa nui.Ua ʻoki ʻia nā ʻāpana lau ʻehā o 3 mm anawaena mai ka ʻaoʻao ākea loa o ka lau 4 o nā mea kanu sorghum ʻokoʻa he 15 mau lā.Hoʻokahi diski no ka lau mai ʻelua mea kanu a ʻelua diski mai ka mea kanu hoʻokahi, a ʻo ka disc ʻelua e lilo i ka mana wai (e nānā i lalo).Ua lana pakahi ia na diski ma ka 50 µl H20 i loko o ka papa 96-well eleele, i sila me ka sila alumini e pale aku ai i ka malamalama, a malama ia ma ka lumi wela i ka po.I ke kakahiaka aʻe, ua hana ʻia kahi hopena hopena me ka 2 mg/ml chemiluminescent probe L-012 (Wako, catalog # 120-04891), 2 mg/ml horseradish peroxidase (Type VI-A, Sigma-Aldrich, catalog # P6782), a 100 mg/ml Chitin a i ʻole 2 μM o Flg22.Ua hoʻohui ʻia he 50 µl o kēia hoʻonā hopena i ʻekolu o nā pūnāwai ʻehā.ʻO ka hā o ka pūnāwai he mana hoʻomāʻewaʻewa, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia ai ka hopena hopena me ka ʻole o ka MAMP.ʻEhā pūnāwai hakahaka me ka wai wale nō i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kēlā me kēia pā.
Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hopena hopena, ua ana ʻia ka luminescence me ka SynergyTM 2 multi-detection microplate reader (BioTek) i kēlā me kēia 2 min no 1 hola.Lawe ka mea heluhelu papa i nā ana luminescence i kēlā me kēia 2 min i kēia hola 1.Ua helu ʻia ka huina o nā heluhelu he 31 e hāʻawi i ka waiwai no kēlā me kēia luawai.Ua helu ʻia ka waiwai i manaʻo ʻia no ka pane MAMP no kēlā me kēia genotype (waiwai luminescence awelika o nā pūnāwai hoʻokolohua ʻekolu-ka waiwai hoʻohenehene) - hoʻemi ʻia ka waiwai o ka luawai blank awelika.Ua kokoke mau ka luawai blank i ka 'ole.
Leaf discs oNicotiana benthamiana, Hoʻokahi laina sorghum pane kiʻekiʻe (SC0003), a me hoʻokahi laina sorghum pane haʻahaʻa (PI 6069) i hoʻokomo pū ʻia ma ke ʻano he mana i kēlā me kēia pā 96-well no nā kumu hoʻomalu maikaʻi.
B. cookeika hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka inoculation
B. cookeiUa hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka inoculum e like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia.ʻO ka pōkole, hoʻomoʻi ʻia nā hua sorghum i ka wai no nā lā ʻekolu, holoi ʻia, ʻohi ʻia i loko o ka pahu conical 1L a hoʻopaʻa ʻia no hoʻokahi hola ma 15psi a me 121 °C.Hoʻopili ʻia nā kīʻaha me kahi 5 ml o ka mycelia macerated mai kahi moʻomeheu hou oB. cookeiHoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo LSLP18 a waiho ʻia no 2 pule ma ka lumi wela, e lulu ana i nā pahu i kēlā me kēia 3 lā.Ma hope o 2 mau pule, ua maloʻo ʻia nā hua sorghum i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ea a laila mālama ʻia ma 4 ° C a hiki i ka inoculation kahua.Hoʻohana ʻia ka inoculum like no ka hoʻāʻo holoʻokoʻa a hana hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki.No ka inoculation, ua hoʻokomo ʻia he 6-10 mau hua i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka whorl o nā mea kanu sorghum 4-5 mau pule.ʻO nā spores i hana ʻia mai kēia mau haʻani i hoʻomaka i ka maʻi i loko o nā mea kanu sorghum ʻōpio i loko o hoʻokahi pule.
Hoʻomākaukau hua
Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka hua sorghum i mālama ʻia me ka fungicide, insecticide, a me ka hui palekana i loaʻa ~ 1% Spirato 480 FS fungicide, 4% Sebring 480 FS fungicide, 3% Sorpro 940 ES seed safener.A laila hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā ʻanoʻano no nā lā 3 e hāʻawi ana i kahi uhi lahilahi o kēia hui ʻana a puni nā hua.Ua ʻae ka mea palekana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka herbicide Dual Magnum ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau mua.
Ka Loiloi ana i ke ku'e 'ana o Target Leaf Spot
Ua kanu ʻia ka SCP ma ka Central Crops Research Station ma Clayton, NC ma Iune 14–15 2017 a me Iune 20, 2018 i loko o kahi hoʻolālā poloka piha randomized me ʻelua replications hoʻokolohua i kēlā me kēia hihia.Ua kanu ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ma nā lālani hoʻokahi 1.8 m me ka laula lālani 0.9 m me ka hoʻohana ʻana i 10 mau hua no ka pā.Ua kanu ʻia ʻelua lālani palena a puni ka ʻaoʻao o kēlā me kēia hoʻokolohua e pale i nā hopena lihi.Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ma Iulai 20, 2017 a me Iulai 20, 2018 ma kahi o ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu sorghum i ka pae ulu 3. Ua lawe ʻia nā helu ma ka pae hoʻokahi a ʻeiwa, kahi i loaʻa ai nā mea kanu ʻaʻole hōʻailona o ka maʻi ma ke ʻano he ʻeiwa a piha. ua helu ʻia nā mea kanu make ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi .ʻElua mau helu i lawe ʻia ma 2017 a ʻehā mau heluhelu ma 2018 e hoʻomaka ana i ʻelua pule ma hope o ka inoculation i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Ua helu ʻia ka sAUDPC (wahi maʻamau ma lalo o ka pihi holomua o ka maʻi) e like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma mua.
Ka manawa kau: Apr-01-2021