ʻO ke kau ʻana i nā ʻupena pepehi pepeke a puni nā ʻauamo, nā puka makani a me nā puka paia i loko o nā hale i hana hou ʻole ʻia he hana kaohi malaria paha. Hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā makika mai ke komo ʻana i nā hale, loaʻa nā hopena make a me nā hopena sublethal i nā mea lawe malaria a hiki ke hōʻemi i ka laha ʻana o ka malaria. No laila, ua hana mākou i kahi noiʻi epidemiological ma nā hale Tanzanian e loiloi i ka pono o ka nānā ʻana i nā mea pepehi pepeke i loko (ITS) e kūʻē i ka malaria a me nā mea lawe.
ʻO kahi ʻohana he hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha hale, kēlā me kēia e mālama ʻia e ke poʻo o ka ʻohana, me nā lālā āpau o ka ʻohana e kaʻana like ana i nā pono kīhini like. Ua kūpono nā ʻohana no ke aʻo ʻana inā he mau ʻauwaʻa hāmama ko lākou, nā puka makani ʻaʻohe kaola, a me nā paia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā lālā āpau o ka ʻohana i piha i nā mahina 6 a ʻoi paha i loko o ke aʻo ʻana, koe wale nō nā wahine hāpai e hana ʻia ana i ka nānā maʻamau i ka wā mālama antenatal e like me nā alakaʻi aupuni.
Mai Iune a Iulai 2021, no ka hiki ʻana aku i nā ʻohana āpau o kēlā me kēia kauhale, ua hele nā mea hōʻiliʻili ʻikepili, i alakaʻi ʻia e nā aliʻi o ke kauhale, i kēlā me kēia puka e ninaninau i nā ʻohana me nā eaves hāmama, nā puka makani pale ʻole, a me nā paia kū. Ua hoʻopiha kekahi lālā makua o ka ʻohana i kahi nīnau kumu. Ua komo pū kēia nīnau i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka wahi a me nā ʻano o ka hale, a me ke kūlana socio-demographic o nā lālā o ka ʻohana. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke kūlike, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka palapala ʻae ʻike (ICF) a me ka nīnau i kahi hōʻailona kū hoʻokahi (UID), i paʻi ʻia, laminated, a hoʻopili ʻia ma ka puka mua o kēlā me kēia ʻohana i komo. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻikepili kumu e hana i kahi papa inoa randomization, nāna i alakaʻi i ke kau ʻana o ka ITS i loko o ka hui hana.
Ua kālailai ʻia ka ʻikepili laha malaria me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ala per-protocol, e koe ana mai ka loiloi i ka poʻe i huakaʻi i nā pule ʻelua i hala iho nei a i ʻole i lawe i ka lāʻau antimalarial i nā pule ʻelua ma mua o ka noiʻi.
No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hopena o ITS ma nā ʻano hale like ʻole, ka hoʻohana ʻana o ITS, a me nā hui makahiki, ua hana mākou i nā loiloi stratified. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka nui o ka maʻi malaria ma waena o nā ʻohana me a me ka ʻole o ITS i loko o kahi stratification i wehewehe ʻia: nā paia lepo, nā paia brick, nā hale kuʻuna, nā hale tin, ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i ka ITS i ka lā ma mua o ke ana ʻana, ka poʻe ʻaʻole e hoʻohana ana i ka ITS i ka lā ma mua o ke ana ʻana, nā keiki ʻōpio, nā keiki kula, a me nā pākeke. Ma kēlā me kēia loiloi stratified, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hui makahiki, ke kāne, a me ke ʻano stratification ʻohana pili (ʻano paia, ʻano hale, hoʻohana ITS, a i ʻole ka hui makahiki) ma ke ʻano he hopena paʻa. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻohana ma ke ʻano he hopena random e helu ai no ka clustering. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia nā loli stratification ponoʻī ma ke ʻano he covariates i kā lākou mau loiloi stratified ponoʻī.
No nā heluna makika o loko, ua hoʻopili wale ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona regression binomial maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia i ka helu o nā makika i hopu ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā no kēlā me kēia pahele i kēlā me kēia pō ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā makika i hopu ʻia i ka wā o ka loiloi.
Ua nānā ʻia nā ʻohana no ka maʻi malaria i ka wā pōkole a me ka wā lōʻihi, me nā hopena e hōʻike ana i nā ʻohana i kipa ʻia, hōʻole ʻia e kipa ʻia, ʻae ʻia e kipa ʻia, nalowale e kipa ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana a me ka huakaʻi lōʻihi, ka hōʻole ʻana o ka mea komo e kipa ʻia, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antimalarial, a me ka mōʻaukala huakaʻi. Ua noiʻi ʻia nā ʻohana no nā makika o loko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahele māmā CDC, me nā hopena e hōʻike ana i nā ʻohana i kipa ʻia, hōʻole i kahi kipa, ʻae i kahi kipa, nalowale e kipa ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana, a i ʻole ua hele ʻole no ka manawa noiʻi holoʻokoʻa. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo ITS i loko o nā ʻohana kaohi.
Ma ka ʻĀpana ʻo Chalinze, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi i loaʻa i nā helu maʻi malaria a i ʻole nā heluna makika o loko ma waena o nā ʻohana me kahi ʻōnaehana nānā i mālama ʻia me ka insecticide (ITS) a me nā mea ʻole. Hiki paha kēia ma muli o ka hoʻolālā noiʻi, nā waiwai insecticidal a me nā koena o ke komo ʻana, a me ka nui o nā mea komo i haʻalele i ke aʻo ʻana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi nā ʻokoʻa, ua ʻike ʻia nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka infestation parasite ma ka pae ʻohana i ka wā ua lōʻihi, kahi i ʻike nui ʻia i waena o nā keiki kula. Ua emi pū nā heluna makika Anopheles o loko, e hōʻike ana i ka pono no ka noiʻi hou aku. No laila, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi hoʻolālā noiʻi cluster-randomized i hui pū ʻia me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ke kaiāulu a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana e hōʻoia i ka paʻa ʻana o nā mea komo ma o ke aʻo ʻana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-19-2025