ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻupena insecticidal a puni nā ea, nā puka makani a me nā puka pā i loko o nā hale i hoʻoponopono ʻole ʻia he mea hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka maʻi malaria. Hiki iā ia ke pale i nā makika mai ke komo ʻana i nā hale, loaʻa nā hopena make a me nā hopena sublethal i nā mea maʻi malaria a hiki ke hōʻemi i ka lawe ʻana i ka malaria. No laila, ua alakaʻi mākou i kahi noiʻi epidemiological i nā ʻohana Tanzanian e loiloi i ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana i ka insecticide i loko (ITS) e kūʻē i ka maʻi malaria a me nā vectors.
Hoʻokahi hale a ʻoi aʻe paha nā hale, mālama ʻia kēlā me kēia e ke poʻo o ka ʻohana, me nā poʻe ʻohana a pau e kaʻana like i nā lako kīhini maʻamau. Ua kūpono nā hale i ke aʻo ʻana inā loaʻa iā lākou nā puka hāmama, nā puka makani paʻa ʻole, a me nā paia paʻa. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā lālā a pau o ka ʻohana he 6 mau mahina a ʻoi aku paha i loko o ke aʻo ʻana, me ka ʻole o nā wahine hāpai e hele ana i ka nānā maʻamau i ka wā o ka mālama antenatal e like me nā alakaʻi aupuni.
Mai Iune a Iulai 2021, e hiki aku ai i nā ʻohana a pau o kēlā me kēia kauhale, ua hele nā mea hōʻiliʻili ʻikepili, alakaʻi ʻia e nā aliʻi kauhale, e nīnau mai i kēlā me kēia puka e nīnauele i nā hale me nā ea hāmama, nā puka makani pale ʻole, a me nā paia kū. Ua hoʻopau kekahi lālā o ka hale makua i kahi nīnau nīnau kumu. Ua komo kēia nīnau nīnau i ka ʻike e pili ana i kahi a me nā ʻano o ka hale, a me ke kūlana socio-demographic o nā lālā o ka hale. No ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka palapala ʻae ʻike (ICF) a me ka nīnau nīnau i kahi mea hōʻike kūʻokoʻa (UID), i paʻi ʻia, laminated, a i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka puka mua o kēlā me kēia ʻohana i komo. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻikepili kumu no ka hana ʻana i kahi papa inoa randomization, nāna i alakaʻi i ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka ITS i loko o ka hui hana.
Ua kālailai ʻia ka ʻikepili maʻi maʻi maʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ala per-protocol, me ka ʻole o ka nānā ʻana i nā poʻe i hele i nā pule he ʻelua i hala a i ʻole i lawe i ka lāʻau antimalarial i nā pule ʻelua ma mua o ka noiʻi.
No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hopena o ITS ma nā ʻano hale like ʻole, ka hoʻohana ʻana o ITS, a me nā hui makahiki, ua hana mākou i nā loiloi stratified. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi ma waena o nā ʻohana me ka ITS a me ka ʻole i loko o kahi stratification i wehewehe ʻia: nā pā lepo, nā pā pōhaku, nā hale kuʻuna, nā hale o ka tin, nā mea hoʻohana ITS i ka lā ma mua o ke ana ʻana, ka poʻe i hoʻohana ʻole i ka ITS i ka lā ma mua o ke ana ʻana, nā keiki liʻiliʻi, nā keiki kula, a me nā pākeke. I loko o kēlā me kēia stratified analysis, ka hui makahiki, ka wahine, a me ka hoʻololi stratification pili o ka hale (ʻano pā, ʻano hale, hoʻohana ITS, a i ʻole hui makahiki) i hoʻopili ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena paʻa. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hale ma ke ʻano he hopena maʻamau e helu no ka hui ʻana. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻololi stratification iā lākou iho ma ke ʻano he covariates i loko o kā lākou mau kānana stratified.
No ka heluna namu o loko, ua hoʻohana wale ʻia nā kumu hoʻohālikelike binomial maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻololi ʻole ʻia i ka helu o kēlā me kēia lā o nā makika i hopu ʻia i ka pahele i kēlā me kēia pō ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā makika i hopu ʻia i loko o ka loiloi.
Ua nānā ʻia nā hale no ka maʻi maʻi malaria i ka wā pōkole a me ka lōʻihi, me nā hopena e hōʻike ana i nā hale i kipa ʻia, hōʻole ʻia e kipa ʻia, ʻae ʻia e kipa ʻia, nalowale i ke kipa ʻana ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana a me ka huakaʻi lōʻihi, hōʻole ka mea komo e kipa ʻia, hoʻohana i nā lāʻau antimalarial, a me ka mōʻaukala huakaʻi. Ua noiʻi ʻia nā hale no nā makika i loko o ka hale me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahele kukui CDC, me nā hopena e hōʻike ana i nā hale i kipa ʻia, hōʻole i ka kipa ʻana, ʻae i kahi kipa, nalowale ke kipa ʻana ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana, a i ʻole i hele ʻole no ka manawa noiʻi holoʻokoʻa. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo ITS i nā hale hoʻomalu.
Ma Chalinze District, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi i ʻike ʻia i ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi malaria a i ʻole ka nui o nā makika i loko o ka hale ma waena o nā hale me kahi ʻōnaehana screening insecticide-treated (ITS) a me ka poʻe ʻole. Ma muli paha kēia o ka hoʻolālā haʻawina, nā mea insecticidal a me nā mea koena o ka hana, a me ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā mea komo i haʻalele i ka haʻawina. ʻOiai ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi nā ʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻia nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka infestation parasite ma ka pae o ka home i ka wā ua lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keiki kula. Ua emi pū ka nui o nā makika Anopheles i loko, e hōʻike ana i ka pono e noiʻi hou aku. No laila, manaʻo ʻia kahi hoʻolālā haʻawina cluster-randomized i hui pū ʻia me ke komo ʻana o ke kaiāulu ikaika a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana e hōʻoia i ka paʻa ʻana o nā poʻe komo i loko o ke aʻo ʻana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-19-2025